STUDYING THE EFFECT OF POST-HARVEST RIPENING ON THE QUALITY PARAMETERS OF RAPE AND BROWN MUSTARD OILSEEDS DURING STORAGE

Increase of vegetable oils production provides for the further improvement of oily raw materials storage technology. It is known that technological quality of oilseeds is formed in close relation to its morphological characteristics, as well as peculiarities of biochemical processes inside of seeds, depending on external conditions and their development phase. The paper presents comparative results of researches of dynamics of qualitative and biochemical parameters of rape and brown mustard oilseeds with and without post-harvest ripening during storage. Research has shown that in order to produce high-quality fat-and-oil products, oilseeds must necessarily undergo the ripening process in artificial conditions, where the seeds are taken after they reach ripeness level enough for harvesting. Considering that the main period of oilseed storage is mainly destructive, seeds that have not undergone post-harvest ripening have active disintegration process even in case they are stored in perfect conditions. This process considerably reduces quality of seeds and their storage period. Based on the researches, practical recommendations were developed for post-harvest ripening and storage of oilseeds. The presented research data can be used to optimize the existing technologies of oily raw material post-harvest ripening and storage, to increase process quality of processed seeds and obtain high-quality fat-and-oil products. Acknowledgements. The research described in this work was carried out within the framework of the state research program “Quality and efficiency of agroindustrial production” for 2016–2020 (subprogram “Food security”).

1. Zotova E. Ju. Formation of the yield and quality of white mustard seeds on sod-podzolic soils of the Upper Volga region. Abstract of doctoral thesis in agriculture. Moscow, 2005. 24 p. (in Russian).

2. Ivantsova E. A. Peculiarities and technologies of brown mustard cultivation. Zernovoe khozyaistvo [Grain Economy], 2004, no. 7, pp. 26-27 (in Russian).

3. Kushnir A. S., Shatrykin A. A. Peculiarities of the technology of brown mustard cultivation for seeds. Nauchnoagronomicheskii zhurnal [Scientific and Agronomic Journal], 2013, no. 1, pp. 27-29 (in Russian).

4. Kryuchkov M. M., Smertenkov I. V. White mustard and rape as important elements in agriculture biologization. Zdorovaya okruzhayushchaya sreda - osnova bezopasnosti regionov: sbornik trudov pervogo mezhdunarodnogo ekologicheskogo foruma v Ryazani, Ryazan’, 11-13 maya 2017 g. [Healthy environment is the basis of regional security. The collection of works of the first international ecological forum in Ryazan, Ryazan, May 11-13, 2017]. Ryazan, 2017, vol. 1, pp. 228-231 (in Russian).

5. Naumkin V. P., Velkova N. I. Influence of agricultural methods on the yield of white mustard. Nauka i obrazovanie XXI veka: materialy vtoroi Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii, Ryazan’, 29 oktyabrya 2008 g. [Science and Education of the XXI Century. Materials of the Second International Scientific and Practical Conference, Ryazan, October 29, 2008]. Ryazan, 2008, vol. 2, pp. 43-45 (in Russian).

6. Gushchina V. A., Lykova A. S. Formation of the yield and quality of spring rape oilseeds in the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga Region. Penza, Penza State Agricultural Academy, 2015. 188 p. (in Ruissian).

7. Jaarsma J. Olievorming en oliekwaliteit bij koolzaad : een literatuurstudie. Ser. CABO-verslag; nr. 105 [Oil formation and oil quality in rape seed : a literature study. Ser. CABO-verslag; no. 105]. Wageningen, Centrum voor Agrobiologisch Onderzoek, 1989. 48 p. (in German).

8. Velkova N. I., Naumkin V. P. Yield and flowering of white mustard depending on the methods of cultivation. Dostizheniya nauki - agropromyshlennomu kompleksu: sbornik materialov regional’noi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii molodykh uchenykh, aspirantov i studentov, Orel, 27-29 marta 2013 g. [Achievements of science to agro-industrial complex: a collection of materials of the regional scientific and practical conference of young scientists, postgraduates and students, Orel, March 27-29, 2013]. Orel, 2013, pp. 50-52 (in Russian).

9. Tomaev Kh. R., Khekilaev Ts. A., Datieva B. A. Influence of harvest time and post-harvest processing on the quality of winter rapeseed during storage. Dostizheniya nauki - sel’skomu khozyaistvu: materialy Vserossiiskoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii, Vladikavkaz, 2-3 oktyabrya 2017 g. [Achievements of science to agriculture: materials of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference, Vladikavkaz, October 2-3, 2017]. Vladikavkaz, 2017, pp. 225-227 (in Russian).

10. Petrova I., Bojilov B. Postharvest handling and storage of rapeseed. Selskostopanska nauka = Agricultural Science, 2010, vol. 43, no. 6, pp. 7-20 (in Bulgarian).

11. Popov V. M., Shukshina E. I., Afon’kina V. A., Gorbat’ko A. V. Use of membranous electric heaters for the increase of the efficiency of rapeseed post-harvest processing. Dostizheniya nauki - agropromyshlennomu proizvodstvu: materialy LII mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-tekhnicheskoi konferentsii, 26-28 yanvarya 2013 g. [Achievements of science to agro-industrial production: materials of the LII International Scientific and Technical Conference, January 26-28, 2013]. Chelyabinsk, 2013, pt. 5, pp. 238-242 (in Russian).

12. Kornilov I. I. Processing and storage of sareptskaya mustard seeds. Vestnik Saratovskogo gosagrouniversiteta im. N. I. Vavilova = The Bulletin Saratov State Agrarian University in honor of N. I. Vavilov, 2006, no. 5, pp. 15-18 (in Russian).

13. Davidenko E. K., Zhuravlev A. I., Buryak A. N., Onishchenko T. A. Improvement of the technology of post-harvest processing and storage of rapeseed. Tekhnicheskie kul’tury [Technical Crops], 1991, no. 5, pp. 41-43 (in Russian).

14. Perekopskii A. N., Vlasenkov A. N., Chugunov S. V. Results of the study harvesting and post harvest processing of high humidity rapeseeds. Izvestiya Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta = Izvestiya SaintPetersburg State Agrarian University, 2011, no. 23, pp. 456-460 (in Russian).

15. Revyakin E. L. Post-harvest processing of seeds of rape and bird rape. Tekhnicheskie kul’tury [Technical Crops], 1988, no. 5, pp. 19-20 (in Russian).

16. Perekopskii A. N., Chugunov S. V., Vlasenkov A. N. Technological features of harvesting and post-harvest processing of rapeseed in the conditions of Leningrad Region. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov Severo-Zapadnogo nauchno-issledovatel’skogo instituta mekhanizatsii i elektrifikatsii sel’skogo khozyaistva [Collection of scientific works of the NorthWest Scientific Research Institute of Mechanization and Electrification of Agriculture]. St. Petersburg, 2009, iss. 81, pp. 57-61 (in Russian).

17. Pochitskaya I. M., Lobazova I. E. Extension of oil rapeseed storage period. Innovatsionnye tekhnologii v pishchevoi promyshlennosti: materialy X Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii, Minsk, 5-6 oktyabrya 2011 g. [Innovative technologies in food industry: materials of the X International Scientific and Practical Conference, Minsk, October 5-6, 2011]. Minsk, 2011, pt. 2, pp. 222-228 (in Russian).

18. Karpovich N. Theoretical bases of production efficiency and processing of oil rapeseed. Agrarnaya ekonomika = Agrarian Economics, 2010, no. 6, pp. 45-52 (in Russian).

19. Brlek Savić T., Krička T., Voća N., Jurišić V., Matin A. Effect of storage temperature on rapeseed quality. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, 2009, vol. 74, no. 3, pp. 143-147.

20. Petrova I., Bozhilov B., Markov P. Storage of rapeseed with aeration. Nauchni trudove Agraren universitet Plovdiv = Scientific Works Agricultural University Plovdiv, 2010, vol. 55, bk. 1, pp. 51-56 (in Bulgarian).

21. Lenchevskii I. Yu. Rape storage in the EEC countries. Tekhnicheskie kul’tury [Technical Crops], 1988, no. 5, pp. 47- 48 (in Russian).

22. Zhakova K. I., Babodei V. N., Pchel’nikova A. V. To the question of post-harvest ripening of rape and mustard oilseeds. Pishchevaya promyshlennost’: nauka i tekhnologii [Food Industry: Science and Technology], 2017, no. 4 (38), pp. 55- 59 (in Russian).

23. Zolotarev V. N., Seregin S. V. Post-harvest ripening of hairy vetch seeds. Agrarnaya nauka = Agrarian Science, 2006, no. 4, pp. 22-23 (in Russian).

24. Lisitsyn A. N., Bykova S. F., Davidenko E. K., Minasyan N. M. After-harvesting ripening of soya seeds. Maslozhirovaya promyshlennost’ [Fat and Oil Processing Industry], 2008, no. 3, pp. 18-19 (in Russian).

25. Klyuchkin V. V., Ksandopulo S. Yu., Arutyunyan N. S., Kopeikovskii V. M. Post-harvest ripening and storage of high oleaginous sunflower. Maslozhirovaya promyshlennost’ [Fat and Oil Processing Industry], 1980, no. 11, pp. 12-17 (in Russian).

26. Ivanitskii S. B. Research of a complex of bound lipids of high oleaginous sunflower during post-harvest processing and storage in connection with the conditions of their technological processing. Abstract of doctoral thesis in engineering. Krasnodar, 1972. 24 p. (in Russian).

27. Minakova A. D., Shcherbakov V. G., Lobanov V. G. Biochemical changes in proteins during sunflower seed storage. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Pishchevaya tekhnologiya = News of Institutes of Higher Education. Food Technology, 1996, no. 1-2, pp. 16-18 (in Russian).

28. Mustafaev S. K., Shazzo A. A. The influence of physical methods of impact on post-harvest ripening and enzymatic activity of sunflower seeds. Novye tekhnologii = New Technologies, 2012, no. 1, pp. 45-47 (in Russian).

29. Semenov V. S. Biochemical substantiation of the technology of post-harvest treatment of sunflower seeds. Doctoral thesis in engineering. Krasnodar, 2000. 138 p. (in Russian).

30. Mustafaev S. K., Shazzo A. A. Influence of the initial humidity of sunflower seeds on the processes of post-harvest ripening and storage. Novye tekhnologii = New Technologies, 2011, no. 3, pp. 48-51 (in Russian).

31. Shcherbakov V. G., Gamanchenko A. I., Lobanov V. G. Change in the activity of redox enzymes of varietal and hybrid sunflower seeds under different aging conditions. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Pishchevaya tekhnologiya = News of Institutes of Higher Education. Food Technology, 1994, no. 3-4, pp. 11-12 (in Russian).