Main trends in the production of vegetable oil in Russia and the Asian vector of its exports

Global vegetable oil production has a steady growth trend, and there is a structural shift towards the industrial use of oil and fat products. The main types of oils are palm oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, and soybean oil, and the largest global players include exporting countries and several importing countries, including India and China. The Russian Federation is the largest global producer and exporter of sunflower oil, but it has a small share in global exports of soybean and rapeseed oils. At the same time, the importance of Russian oil imports in China and India is growing. The growth in the production of vegetable oil in Russia is due to the increase in the area planted and the yield of oilseeds in all producing regions. However, there is a trend of increasing sunflower seed production in regions with lower yields. The processing of vegetable oil in Russia is concentrated in a small number of large holding-type organizations with an extensive network of factories located in various regions, which are leading in the export of products. It has been shown that in unfavorable geopolitical conditions, the logistics of sales by the main exporters of vegetable oil are changing, and Russia is increasing its exports to India and China, but at significantly lower prices. In the Russian market for oil and fat products, state regulation of prices in the domestic food market is increasing, and tariff and non-tariff measures for regulating exports are being implemented in foreign trade operations, which ensures the physical and economic availability of vegetable oils in Russia but increases the risks of foreign trade activities for exporting enterprises.

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