MODERN TENDENCIES IN DEVELOPMENT OF STRUCTURE AND TECHNOLOGICAL SCHEMES OF DISC COULTERS

Agricultural crops yield is determined by the sowing quality. In turn, the sowing quality depends on choice of machines for this technological operation, their technical condition and adjustment, as well as compliance of all agrotechnical requirements during sowing. The most important operating unit of grain seeders and combined soil cultivating machines is a coulter. Disc coulters are well buried on mulched soil, cut furrows in it at a given depth, without disrupting the process of laying and covering seeds. So improvement of existing design and development of fundamentally new disc coulters, theoretical and experimental substantiation of their rational parameters for the purpose of uniform laying and even distribution of seeds followed by covering and simultaneous intrasoil application of a start dose of phosphorus fertilizers, decrease of metal intensity and traction resistance is a very urgent issue. Recently, taking into account transition to precise farming, foreign and domestic seeding machines are equipped, as a rule, with one- or two-disk combined coulters, providing high-speed sowing with uniform laying and covering of seeds of agricultural crops. The article presents an overview of perspective design and engineering layouts of disc coulters. It is the result of patent search and analysis of existing designs and reflects modern trends in development of this operating unit.

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