Methods of studying sowing qualities and germination dynamics of alfalfa seeds
https://doi.org/10.29235/1817-7204-2025-63-4-315-325
Abstract
Sowing qualities of seeds determine the potential of the initial development of plants at the initial stages of their ontogenesis. Currently, the main standardized indicators in the certification of batches of seed material, determining its economic suitability, are germination energy and germination. However, they do not allow to reliably predict field germination. The purpose of the research is to study the effect of storage duration on the sowing qualities of seeds of alfalfa varieties by a set of indicators, including the determination of germination, energy, uniformity and rate of germination, its index, as well as the dynamic process of seed germination. Analysis of the kinetics of seed germination at two temperature regimes – +10 and +20 ° C – revealed a general pattern: in all varieties, the maximum number of seeds germinated after one year of their storage. At a higher temperature background, the rate of seed germination after their storage for 1 to 12 years decreased by 35–62 %. Correlation analysis of the relationship between the energy and uniformity of seed germination after their storage for 1 to 6 years under the germination regime of +20 °C revealed a close dependence of these indicators (r = 0.882). The relationship of these parameter indicators against the background of seed germination at +10 °C was also high (r = 0.838). In accordance with the requirements of GOST R 52325-2005, the preservation of standard germination indicators in the seeds of the Vela variety was observed for 6.5–7.5 years, in the Voronezhskaya 6 variety – up to 7.5 years, and in the Pavlovskaya 7 variety – up to 8.5 years.
About the Authors
V. N. Zolotarev
Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vladimir N. Zolotarev – Ph. D. (Agriculture), Associate Professor, Leading Researcher
Building 1, Nauchny Gorodok St., 141055, Lobnya, Moscow Region
T. V. Kozlova
Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tatiana V. Kozlova – Researcher
Building 1, Nauchny Gorodok St., 141055, Lobnya, Moscow Region
References
1. Babaytseva T. A., Ryabova I. A. Yield and seed quality of winter triticale varieties under different seeding methods. Vestnik Izhevskoi gosudarstvennoi sel՚skokhozyaistvennoi akademii = The Bulletin of Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy, 2017, no. 1 (50), pp. 3–11 (in Russian).
2. Syrkina L. F., Nikonorova Yu. Yu. Comparative analysis of laboratory germination of seeds of grain sorghum varieties. Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. Sel՚skokhozyaistvennye nauki = Proceedings of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Agricultural Sciences, 2022, vol. 1, no. 1 (1), pp. 55–58 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-55-58
3. Boelt B., Julier B., Karagić Đ., Hampton J. Legume seed production meeting market requirements and economic impacts. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 2015, vol. 34, no. 1–3, pp. 412–427. https://doi.org/10.1080/07352689.2014.898477
4. Bukharov A. F., Baleyev D. N., Bukharova A. R. Kinetics of seed germination. Research methods and parameters. Izvestiya Timiryazevskoi sel՚skokhozyaistvennoi akademii = Izvestiya of Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 2017, no. 2, pp. 5–19 (in Russian).
5. Shikhova I. V., Arzamasova E. G., Popova E. V. Evaluation of morphophysiological indicators and sowing quality of Trifolium pratense L. seeds at the early stages of development. Tavricheskii vestnik agrarnoi nauki = Taurida Herald of the Agrarian Sciences, 2022, no. 3 (31), pp. 198–210 (in Russian).
6. Marchenko L. V. Seed vigor in bastard alfalfa varieties (Medicago varia). Sibirskii vestnik sel՚skokhozyaistvennoi nauki = Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science, 2012, no. 4 (227), pp. 76–81 (in Russian).
7. Nelyubina Zh. S., Kasatkina N. I. Influence of ultraviolet irradiation of perennial grasses seeds on their sowing quality. Agrarnaya nauka = Agrarian Science, 2021, no. 9, pp. 97–100 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2021-352-9-97-100
8. Ahmed L. Q., Durand J. L., Escobar-Gutiérrez A. J. Genetic diversity of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) in response to temperature during germination. Seed Science and Technology, 2019, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 351–356. https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2019.47.3.10
9. Bukharov A. F., Baleev D. N. Kinetic parameters of dill seed germination under temperature gradient conditions. Vestnik Altaiskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta = Bulletin of Altai State Agricultural University, 2022, no. 3 (209), pp. 17–23 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.53083/1996-4277-2022-209-3-17-23
10. Krivobochek V. G., Statsenko A. P., Ryazantsev M. S. Assessment of seed quality. Agrarnyi nauchnyi zhurnal = The Agrarian Scientific Journal, 2018, no. 7, pp. 10–13 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.v0i7.521
11. Zolotarev V. N. Agrobiological bases of vetch (Vicia sativa L.) cultivation for seeds in the Central Russia using heterogeneous agrocenoses. Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya biologiya = Agricultural Biology, 2016, vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 194–203. https://doi.org/10.15389/agrobiology.2016.2.194eng
12. Dyukova N. N., Haralgin A. S., Bogomolov A. A. Vitality test and hardness of alfalfa seeds in the Northern TransUrals area. Agrarnyi vestnik Urala = Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals, 2011, no. 9 (88), pp. 4–5 (in Russian).
13. Kasatkina N. I., Nelyubina Zh. S., Kondrat’eva N. P., Rudenok V. A. Influence of pre-sowing seeds treatment of perennial legumes on their germination. Vestnik rossiiskoi sel՚skokhozyaistvennoi nauki = Vestnik of the Russian Agricultural Science, 2020, no. 5, pp. 30–33 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.30850/vrsn/2020/5/30-33
14. Epifanova I. V., Timoshkin O. A. Optimization of cultivation of Medicago varia for seeds. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK = Achievements of Science and Technology in Agro-Industrial Complex, 2018, vol. 32, no. 8, pp. 39–41 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10810
15. Perevozkina M. G., Eremin D. I., Belkina R. I., Marchenko L. V., Gubanova V. M., Gubanov M. V. Influence of bioantioxidants on sowing qualities of seeds of red clover and bastard alfalfa. Agrarnyi vestnik Urala = Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals, 2016, no. 8 (150), pp. 52–57 (in Russian).
16. Wang S., Shi F., Shi R., Zhang Y. Seed dormancy and germination in alfalfa (Medicago falcata L.). Legume Research, 2024, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 234–241. https://doi.org/10.18805/LRF-758
17. Ignatiev S. А., Regidin А. А., Gryazeva T. V., Goryunov К. N. Dynamics of alfalfa seed hardness change depending on the seed storage time. Zernovoe khozyaistvo Rossii = Grain Economy of Russia, 2019, no. 6 (66), pp. 46–49 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2019-66-6-46-49
18. Holc M., Gselman P., Primc G., Vesel A., Mozetič M., Recek N. Wettability and water uptake improvement in plasma-treated alfalfa seeds. Agriculture, 2022, vol. 12, no. 1, art. 96. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12010096
19. Androsova D. N., Danilova N. S., Borisova S. Z. Effect of storage duration on germinative capacity and character of seed germination of Yakutian plants. Rastitelnye Resursy, 2019, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 353–361 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.1134/S003399461903004X
20. Feoktistova N. A. Storage life for seeds of perennial grasses for breeding nurseries. Trudy po prikladnoi botanike, genetike i selektsii = Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding, 2023, vol. 184, no. 2, pp. 76–86 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2023-2-76-86
21. Wang X., Zhang H., Song R., He X., Mao P., Jia S. Non-destructive identification of naturally aged alfalfa seeds via multispectral imaging analysis. Sensors, 2021, vol. 21, no. 17, art. 5804. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21175804
22. Iannucci A., Di Fonzo N., Martiniello P. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seed yield and quality under different forage management systems and irrigation treatments in a Mediterranean environment. Field Crops Research, 2002, vol. 78, no. 1, pp. 65–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4290(02)00094-1
23. Wiese A. M., Binning L. K. Calculating the threshold temperature of development for weeds. Weed Science, 1987, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 177–179. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043174500079017
24. Wu Y., Zhang H., Tian Y., Song Y., Li Q. Thermal time basis for comparing the germination requirements of alfalfa cultivars with different fall dormancy ratings. Agronomy, 2023, vol. 13, no. 12, art. 2969. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13122969
Review
Views:
106
Email this article 