Estimation of roadster breed of horse in Belarus by set of traits depending on breed and genealogy characteristics

Purebred horses are considered a national treasure and an indirect indicator of country development. In many countries over the past decade, livestock has decreased significantly, but some countries, have focused on horse breeding and increasing the number of horses. Number of horses also significantly decreased in the Republic of Belarus for various reasons, however, quality of horses in breeding companies has undergone no significant changes. Industry directions are also saved to some extent, but shift of priorities towards the roadster horse breeding becomes more and more noticeable. A significant problem having effect on formation of horse breeding basis for sports horse breeding is an ambiguous opinion among specialists about suitability of various breeds of horses in equestrian sport. Assessment was carried out for this purpose according to complex of roadster horse traits used at breeding and equestrian companies in Belarus. Directions for improving selection of horses for classic types of equestrian sport are determined based on expert evaluation of their exterior and constitution parameters, sports performance, success index, etc. Performance of roadster horses at competitions at various levels was analyzed depending on breed and genealogical characteristics of the horse livestock used. The effect of horses origin on their sports performance is determined. Clear sport specialization is determined among the progeny of a number of producing animals. Methods of horse photometry, computer processing of results of field shooting and video materials when performing various elements of lineary motion and jumping were developed. 

1. Polkovnikova V. I., Zorina E. M. Peculiarities of jump qualities of riding race horses. Izvestiya Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta = Izvestia Orenburg State Agrarian University, 2015, no. 4 (54), pp. 140–143 (in Russian).

2. Rushchins’ka T. M., Tkachova І. V. Sports performance of young ukrainian rider horse breed of different genotypes. Naukovo-tekhnіchnii byuleten’ Іnstitutu tvarinnitstva NAAN Ukraїni [Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Animal Husbandry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine]. Kharkiv, 2015, no. 113, pp. 210–215 (in Ukrainian).

3. Demin V. A. The influence of the ratio between body parts and some measurements on the step length of the horses of semi-domestic breeds of domestic and foreign selection, performing in dressage competitions. Zootekhniya, 2018, no. 1, pp. 24–27 (in Russian).

4. Bachurina E. M., Polkovnikova V. I. Phenotypic features, assessment of movement qualities and performance of sport horses. Konevodstvo i konnyi sport [Horse breeding and equestrian sport], 2017, no. 5, pp. 33–35 (in Russian).

5. Voronina S.S., Karelina O. A. Assessment of horses of sports breeds on the complex of signs. Vestnik Soveta molodykh uchenykh Ryazanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrotekhnologicheskogo universiteta imeni P. A. Kostycheva [Bulletin of the Council of young scientists of Ryazan State Agrotechnological University n.a. P. A. Kostychev], 2017, no. 2 (5), pp. 21–24 (in Russian).

6. Bass S. P., Rakhmanova I. I. Zootechnical evaluation of horses of riding breeds used in leisure and sport areas. Nauchno obosnovannye tekhnologii intensifikatsii sel’skokhozyaistvennogo proizvodstva: materialy Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii, Izhevsk, 14–17 fevralya 2017 g. [Scientifically based technologies for the intensification of agricultural production: proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference, Izhevsk, February 14–17, 2017]. Izhevsk, 2017, vol. 3, pp. 13–16 (in Russian).

7. Korobko A. V., Rachikova O. V. Evaluation of breeding and sport indicators of horses of the Trakenen breed in the Republican Center for Olympic Training of Equestrian Sports and Horse Breeding. Aktual’nye problemy intensivnogo razvitiya zhivotnovodstva: sbornik nauchnykh trudov [Actual problems of intensive development of livestock: a collection of scientific papers]. Gorki, 2013, iss. 16, pt. 2, pp. 3–10 (in Russian).

8. Radchikova O. V., Korobko A. V., Malyga A. V. Trakehner horses and prospects for their use in sports horse breeding of the Republic of Belarus. Povyshenie intensivnosti i konkurentosposobnosti otraslei zhivotnovodstva: tezisy dokladov Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii (14–15 sentyabrya 2011 g.) [Increasing the intensity and competitiveness of livestock sectors: abstracts of the International Scientific and Practical Conference (September 14–15, 2011)]. Zhodino, 2011, vol. 2, pp. 304–306 (in Russian).

9. Rudak A. N. Gene pool of Hanoverian horses in Belarus. Zootekhnicheskaya nauka Belarusi: sbornik nauchnykh trudov [Zootechnical science of Belarus: a collection of scientific papers]. Zhodino, 2015, vol. 50, pt. 1, pp. 153–161 (in Russian).

10. Gorbukov M. A., German Yu. I., Rudak A. N., German A. I. Breeding of Hanoverian horses in Belarus and prospects for their further use. Zootekhnicheskaya nauka Belarusi: sbornik nauchnykh trudov [Zootechnical science of Belarus: a collection of scientific papers]. Zhodino, 2014, vol. 49, pt. 1, pp. 50–59 (in Russian).

11. German Yu. I. Riding horse breeding system in the Republic of Belarus. Vestsі Natsyyanal’nay akademіі navuk Belarusі. Seryya agrarnykh navuk = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian series, 2018, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 65–74 (in Russian).

12. German Yu. I., Sheiko I. P. Estimation of the breeding value of the Hannover and Trakehner breeds of horses. Doklady Natsional’noi akademii nauk Belarusi = Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 2017, vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 105–113 (in Russian).

13. The state book of tribal Hanoverian horses. Vol. 1, pt. 2. Mares. Divovo, 1997. 378 p. (in Russian).

14. State pedigree book of horses of the Trakehner horses.Vol. 1. Moscow, Kolos Publ., 1974. 590 p. (in Russian).

15. Kamzolov B. V. The history of the Trakehner horse. Minsk, Cavalier Publishers, 2002. 384 p. (in Russian).

16. The state book of tribal Hanoverian horses. Vol. 2. Divovo, 2009. 424 p. (in Russian).

17. The state book of tribal Hanoverian horses. Vol. 1, pt. 1. Stallions. Divovo, 1997. 376 p. (in Russian).

18. State breed registry of horses the Latvian SSR. Vol. 21. Riga, 1981. 553 p. (in Russian).

19. Baltakmens R. A. Improvement of performance indicators of Latvian show-jumper horse breed. Vyvedenie i mikroevolyutsiya porod loshadei v usloviyakh intensifikatsii sel’skokhozyaistvennogo proizvodstva: tezisy dokladov nauchnoi konferentsii [Breeding and microevolution of horse breeds in the conditions of intensification of agricultural production: abstracts of the scientific conference]. Rybnoe, Ryazan region, 1988, pp. 38–39 (in Russian).

20. Kozel’skii V. L., Verenich S. V., Ageeva A. A. Evaluation of Trakehner horses in terms of the athletic performance of offspring in the Republican Center for Equestrian Sports and Horse Breeding. Uchenye zapiski uchrezhdeniya obrazovaniya “Vitebskaya gosudarstvennaya akademiya veterinarnoi meditsiny” [Scientific notes of the educational institution “Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine]. Vitebsk, 2004, vol. 40, pt. 2, pp. 93–94 (in Russian).

21. You can’t argue with the nature: jumping technique. Zolotoi mustang = Gold Mustang, 2003, no. 6 (38). Available at: http://www.goldmustang.ru/magazine/samouchitel/342.html (accessed ) (in Russian).

22. Dorofeeva A. V., Guseva G. N., Samandeeva E. G., Shakhova I. S. Analysis of breeding work with horses of the Trakenen breed based on the results of motor skills assessment. Dostizheniya molodykh uchenykh – zootekhnicheskoi nauke i praktike: sbornik dokladov nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii, 15 maya 2018 g. [Achievements of young scientists for the zootechnical science and practice: a collection of papers of scientific and practical conference, May 15, 2018]. Divovo, 2018, pp. 94–101 (in Russian).

23. Gromova T. V., Kirillova N. A., Boyarinova I. O. Assessment of sports performance of horses of a Hanoverian breed at a horse farm of the ASAU. Agrarnaya nauka – sel’skokhozyaistvennomu proizvodstvu Sibiri, Kazakhstana, Mongolii, Belarusi i Bolgarii: sbornik nauchnykh dokladov XVIII Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii (g. Novosibirsk, 16–17 sentyabrya 2015 g.) [Agrarian science to agricultural production in Siberia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Belarus and Bulgaria: a collection of scientific papers of the XVIII International Scientific and Practical Conference (Novosibirsk, September 16–17, 2015)]. Novosibirsk, 2015, pt. 2, pp. 105–108 (in Russian).

24. Zinov’eva S. A., Kozlov S. A., Markin S. S. Characteristics of motor skills of horses of the Friesian and Hanoverian breeds. Agrotekhnologii XXI veka: materialy Vserossiiskoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem, Perm’, 11–13 noyabrya 2015 g. [Agrotechnologies of the XXI century: proceedings of the All-Russian scientific-practical conference with international participation, Perm, 11–13 November 2015]. Perm, 2015, pt. 3, pp. 31–36 (in Rissian).

25. Krasnikov A. S. Horse exterior. Moscow, Sel’khozgiz Publ., 1957. 352 p. (in Russian).

26. Lyubimova Yu. G., Podobaeva D. E., Orlovskii S. A. Investigations of correlations between exterior points and horse breed structures: new mathematical methods, software. Problemy plemennoi raboty i ekologicheski chistykh tekhnologii v konevodstve : sbornik nauchnykh trudov [Problems of breeding and environmentally friendly technologies in horse breeding: a collection of scientific papers]. Divovo, 1994, pp. 244–265 (in Russian).

27. Bingold C. A. Bewegungsanalyse. Verfasser der Artikel ist soweit nicht anders vermerkt, Pferdeklinik Großostheim. 2001. – P. 18–21.

28. Holmstrom M. Conformation analysis to predict performance potential. Preventing racehorse injuries seminar. Cheltenham, 2001, pp. 34–38.

29. Dorofeev V. Jumping technique of horses. Konevodstvo i konnyi sport [Horse breeding and equestrian sport], 1973, no. 6, pp. 29–30 (in Russian).