MORPHOLOGICAL HOMOLOGY OF BOLTING AND NON-BOLTING GARLIC FORMS (Allium sativum L.)

The lack of local breeding zoned varieties with high yield and resistance to agrobiological factors inhibits the expansion of crop areas in farms. In addition, there is a problem of maintaining the cleanliness of the samples due to the variability of the phenotypic characteristics, depending on the size of the planting material, dislocation and weather conditions. In this connection, the search for ways to overcome the variability of economic and biological traits of garlic in the selection and seed-growing process in domestic conditions is still relevant. It is shown in the article that during the artificial selection of garlic, reduction of the reproductive system occurred, but it is obvious that there are sources of variability during vegetative reproduction. Perspective of production of new garlic varieties using botanical seeds is identified via inclusion of various genotypes in selection and use of allogamy and recombination. It is shown that flowering forms are searched in order to attract classical selection of garlic. Homology is considered in structure of bulbs of bolting and non-bolting garlic forms. Estimation of garlic progeny from air bulb is given. On the example of spring form, the offspring of non-bolting garlic from the inner and outer parts of the bulb is characterized. The obtained data can be used in selection and seed production of the crop.

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