vestiagИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия аграрных наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series1817-72041817-7239The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1817-7204-2026-64-4-300-306vestiag-886Research ArticleЗЕМЛЯРОБСТВА І РАСЛІНАВОДСТВAAGRICULTURE AND PLANT CULTIVATIONВлияние гена карликовости Rht5 на длину колеоптиля, некоторые агрономические и семенные признаки хлебной пшеницыEffects of dwarfing gene Rht5 on coleoptile length, some agronomic and seed traits in bread wheathttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-2894-8957УгурбашчичекГонджаUğurbaşçiçekGonca

Угурбашчичек Гонджа – магистр сельскохозяйственной инженерии

35100, Измир 

Gonca Uğurbaşçiçek – M. Sc. Agricultural Engineering 

35100, İzmir 

goncagul0135@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4557-5919Айкут ТонкФатмаAykut TonkFatma

Айкут Тонк Фатма – доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор

35100, Измир

Fatma Aykut Tonk – Ph. D. (Agriculture), Professor 

35100, İzmir 

fatma.aykut@ege.edu.trЭгейский университет, сельскохозяйственный факультет, кафедра полевых культурТурцияEge University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field CropsTurkey202610112026644300306Copyright © Угурбашчичек Г., Айкут Тонк Ф., 20262026Угурбашчичек Г., Айкут Тонк Ф.Uğurbaşçiçek G., Aykut Tonk F.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/886

Ген карликовости Rht5, чувствительный к гиббереллину, снижает высоту растений, не влияя на ранний рост. В данном исследовании изучалось влияние гена карликовости Rht5 на некоторые агрономические признаки, длину колеоптиля и характеристики семян в популяции F4, полученной в результате скрещивания сортов Marj12 (полукарликовый, Rht5) и Scholar (высокорослый). Генотипы гибридов F4 были проверены с использованием SSR-маркера BARC102, сцепленного с геном Rht5, и идентифицированы карликовые, высокорослые и гетерозиготные особи. Дисперсионный анализ в популяции F4 показал высокозначимые различия между линиями по всем изученным признакам, что свидетельствует о наличии генетических различий по всем признакам между ними. В целом ген карликовости Rht5 был связан с уменьшением высоты растения и длины подколосового междоузлия на 25,44 и 22,28 % соответственно, а также с уменьшением длины колоса, количества колосков и зерен в колосе. У высоких линий наблюдались более высокие значения массы зерна, ширины и длины семян по сравнению с карликовыми линиями. Ген карликовости Rht5 увеличил длину колеоптиля на 6,03 % у карликовых линий, а также количество первичных корней и длину первого листа. Результаты исследования могут помочь в правильном использовании гена карликовости Rht5 в селекционных программах для изменения высоты растения и длины колеоптиля у пшеницы.

Rht5 is a gibberellin-sensitive dwarfing gene and reduces plant height without affecting early growth. In this study, the effects of dwarfing gene Rht5 on coleoptile length, some agronomic and seed traits were revealed in an F4 population obtained from a cross between Marj12 (semi-dwarf, Rht5) and Scholar (tall). The genotypes of F4 individuals were screened using SSR marker BARC102 linked with the Rht5 gene and the dwarf, tall and heterozygous individuals were identified. Analysis of variance in the F4 population indicated highly significant differences among the lines for all traits studied, suggesting genetic differences existed for all traits among these lines. In general, the Rht5 dwarfing gene was associated with plant height and peduncle length reduction of 25.44 and 22.28 %, respectively, as well as decreases in spike length, number of spikelets, and kernels per spike. Higher values of kernel weight, seed width and seed length could be observed in the tall lines when compared to the dwarf lines. The dwarfing gene Rht5 increased coleoptile length by 6.03 % in dwarf lines and also increased primary root number and first leaf length. The results of the study could contribute to the proper use of dwarfing gene Rht5 in breeding programs aimed at modifying plant height and coleoptile length in wheat.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.