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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestiag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия аграрных наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1817-7204</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1817-7239</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1817-7204-2026-64-3-252-264</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestiag-879</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕРАПРАЦОЎКА І ЗАХАВАННЕ СЕЛЬСКАГАСПАДАРЧАЙ ПРАДУКЦЫІ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PROCESSING AND STORAGE OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Генотипирование газо- и ароматобразующих заквасочных культур с использованием молекулярных методов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genotyping of gas- and aroma- forming starter cultures using molecular methods</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бирюк</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Biruk</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бирюк Елена Николаевна – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, заведующий лабораторией микробиологических, молекулярно-генетических, биохимических исследований и коллекции промышленных микроорганизмов отдела биотехнологий</p><p>Партизанский пр., 172, 220075, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alena N. Biruk – Ph. D. (Agriculture), Head of the Laboratory of Microbiological, Molecular Genetic and Biochemical Research and the Collection of Industrial Microorganisms of the Department of Biotechnologies</p><p>172, Partizanskiy Av., 220075, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">biohimbel@yandex.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жабанос</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhabanos</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жабанос Наталья Константиновна – кандидат технических наук, доцент, заведующий отделом биотехнологий</p><p>Партизанский пр., 172, 220075, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natallia K. Zhabanos – Ph. D. (Engineering), Head of the Department of Biotechnologies</p><p>172, Partizanskiy Av., 220075, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nzhabanos@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соглаева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soglaeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соглаева Алла Анатольевна, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории микробиологических, молекулярно-генетических, биохимических исследований и коллекции промышленных микроорганизмов отдела биотехнологий</p><p>Партизанский пр., 172, 220075, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alla A. Soglaeva – Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Microbiological, Molecular Genetic and Biochemical Research and the Collection of Industrial Microorganisms of the Department of Biotechnologies</p><p>172, Partizanskiy Av., 220075, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">soglaevaalla@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савельева</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savelyeva</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савельева Тамара Александровна – кандидат ветеринарных наук, доцент, ученый секретарь</p><p>Партизанский пр., 172, 220075, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tamara A. Savelyeva – Ph. D. (Veterinary), Associate Professor, Academic Secretary</p><p>172, Partizanskiy Av., 220075, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tams-11@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корягина</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karahina</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корягина Дарья Сергеевна – младший научный сотрудник лаборатории микробиологических, молекулярно-генетических, биохимических исследований и коллекции промышленных микроорганизмов отдела биотехнологий</p><p>Партизанский пр., 172, 220075, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Darya S. Karahina – Junior Researcher of the Laboratory of Microbiological, Molecular Genetic and Biochemical Research and the Collection of Industrial Microorganisms of the Department of Biotechnologies</p><p>172, Partizanskiy Av., 220075, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">koryagina.darya06@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт мясо-молочной промышленности, Национальная академии наук Беларуси</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for the Meat and Dairy Industry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>64</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>252</fpage><lpage>264</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бирюк Е.Н., Жабанос Н.К., Соглаева А.А., Савельева Т.А., Корягина Д.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бирюк Е.Н., Жабанос Н.К., Соглаева А.А., Савельева Т.А., Корягина Д.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Biruk A.N., Zhabanos N.K., Soglaeva A.A., Savelyeva T.A., Karahina D.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/879">https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/879</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлены результаты исследований разрешающей способности методов RAPD- и Rep-ПЦР для выявления генетической гетерогенности газо- и ароматобразующих молочнокислых бактерий, выделенных из сырого молока. Изучение типирующей способности Rep-ПЦР в отношении лейконостоков показало, что изоляты, выделенные из разных природных источников, образуют отличающиеся профили ампликонов при использовании праймеров BOXA1R, BOXA2R, ERIC2-1. Типирующая способность Rep-ПЦР в отношении изолятов диацетильного лактококка выявлена только с праймерами BOXA2R и ERIC2-1. Метод RAPD-ПЦР обладает типирующей способностью в отношении лейконостоков при использовании праймеров XD8, P15, P16 и RAPD-mes. Анализ профилей фрагментов изолятов диацетильного лактококка, полученных с помощью RAPD-ПЦР с праймерами XD8 и Р16, подтвердил способность метода выявлять гетерогенность внутри биоварианта Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis. Результаты исследований используются для выделения новых штаммов и пополнения Республиканской коллекции промышленных штаммов заквасочных культур и их бактериофагов РУП «Институт мясо-молочной промышленности». </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents the results of studies on the resolving power of the RAPD and Rep-PCR methods for revealing the genetic heterogeneity of gas- and aroma-forming lactic acid bacteria isolated from raw milk. The study of the typing ability of Rep-PCR in relation to leuconostocs showed that isolates obtained from different natural sources form different amplicon profiles when using primers BOXA1R, BOXA2R, ERIC2-1. The typing ability of Rep-PCR for diacetyl lactococci isolates was demonstrated only with primers BOXA2R and ERIC2-1. The RAPD-PCR method showed typing ability for leuconostocs using primers XD8, P15, P16, and RAPD-mes. The analysis of the fragment profiles of diacetyl lactococcal isolates obtained by RAPD-PCR with primers XD8 and P16 confirmed the ability of the method to detect heterogeneity within the biovariant of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis. The results of the research are used to isolate new strains and replenish the Republican collection of industrial strains of starter cultures and their bacteriophages of RUE “Institute of Meat and Dairy Industry”.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>генотипирование</kwd><kwd>RAPD-ПЦР</kwd><kwd>Rep-ПЦР</kwd><kwd>заквасочные культуры</kwd><kwd>лейконостоки</kwd><kwd>диацетильный лактококк</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>genotyping</kwd><kwd>RAPD-PCR</kwd><kwd>Rep-PCR</kwd><kwd>starter cultures</kwd><kwd>leuconostocs</kwd><kwd>diacetyl lactococcus</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках мероприятия 100 (93) «Разработать технологию получения газо- и ароматобразующих микроорганизмов на основе методов молекулярно-генетического типирования и освоить производство заквасок для творога с их использованием» подпрограммы «Инновационные биотехнологии» Государственной программы «Наукоемкие технологии и техника» на 2021–2025 годы (срок выполнения – 2021–2023 гг.). Авторы выражают благодарность М. А. Шукшиной за помощь в получении экспериментальных данных, использованных при подготовке статьи.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was carried out within the framework of Activity 100 (93) “To develop a technology for obtaining gas- and aroma-forming microorganisms based on molecular genetic typing methods and to establish the production of starter cultures for cottage cheese using them,” subprogramme “Innovative Biotechnologies” of the State Programme “Science-Intensive Technologies and Equipment” for 2021–2025 (implementation period: 2021–2023). The authors express their gratitude to M. A. 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