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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestiag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия аграрных наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1817-7204</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1817-7239</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1817-7204-2025-62-1-145-153</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestiag-803</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЖЫВЁЛАГАДОЎЛЯ І ВЕТЭРЫНАРНАЯ МЕДЫЦЫНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND VETERINARY MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние генов на рост и развитие исследуемого поголовья помесных овец</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of genes on growth and development of the studied population of cross­breed sheep</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2150-2192</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оздемиров</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ozdemirov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алимсолтан Ахмедович Оздемиров – кандидат био логических наук, заведующий лабораторией геномных исследований, селекции и племенного дела</p><p>AuthorID: 676288</p><p>ул. Абдуразака Шахбанова, 30, 367014, Республика Дагестан, Махачкала</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alimsoltan A. Ozdemirov – Ph. D. (Biology), Head of the Laboratory of Genomic Research, Selection and Breeding</p><p>30, Abdurazakh Shakhabanov St., 367014, Republic of Dagestan, Makhachkala</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alim72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7303-0222</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хожоков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khozhokov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абдусалам Асадулаевич Хожоков – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, заведующий отделом животноводства</p><p>AuthorID: 467112</p><p>ул. Абдуразака Шахбанова, 30, 367014, Республика Дагестан, Махачкала</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Abdusalam A. Khozhokov – Ph. D. (Agriculturе), Head of the Animal Husbandry Department</p><p>AuthorID: 467112</p><p>30, Abdurazakh Shakhabanov St., 367014, Republic of Dagestan, Makhachkala</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">niva1956@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный аграрный научный центр Республики Дагестан</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Agrarian Scientific Center, Republic of Dagestan</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>2</issue><elocation-id>145­-153</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Оздемиров А.А., Хожоков А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Оздемиров А.А., Хожоков А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ozdemirov A.A., Khozhokov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/803">https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/803</self-uri><abstract><p>Объектом исследования являются гены CAST (специфический ингибитор кальпаина), GH (ген гормона роста) и GDF9 (экспрессируется в ооцитах и необходим для фолликулогенеза яичников). Предмет исследования – генетическая структура помесей второго поколения мелкого рогатого скота. Целью исследований является изучение генетического полиморфизма у помесей мелкого рогатого скота. Научная новизна заключается в изучении аллельных вариантов генов посредством генотипирования помесных баранов поколения F2 в условиях Республики Дагестан. Были использованы метод гель­электрофореза, ПЦР­ПДРФ метод – с целью генотипирования в исследуемой выборке по генам GH, GDF9, CAST. При помощи стандартного набора формул осуществлялся генетико­статистический анализ. Полиморфизм гена CAST был представлен аллелью M с высокой (0,9) и аллелью N с низкой (0,1) частотой встречаемости. Гомозиготные генотипы CASTMM и CASTNN, а также гетерозиготный CASTMN распределились в следующем соотношении: 86,6; 6,7; 6,7 % соответственно. Своеобразие аллельного спектра гена GH, представленного двумя аллелями и двумя генотипами – GHA и GHB, GHAA и GHAB, выразилось в менее высокой частоте встречаемости аллеля GHA, генотипа GHAA, составившей 0,8 и 80 % соответственно. В исследуемой выборке при изучении полиморфизма локуса гена GDF9 было определено, что частота встречаемости аллеля GDF9G в 1,7 раза выше по сравнению с частотой встречаемости аллеля GDF9А (0,37). В результате проведенных исследований установлен полиморфизм генов с разной частотой встречаемости. Анализ структуры исследуемых генов выявил селекционно значимые генотипы для целенаправленного отбора. В выборке изученного помесного скота второго поколения селек ционно значимыми генотипами являются CASTNN, GHBB, GDF9AA.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The research object are the genes: CAST (specific inhibitor of calpain), GH (growth hormone gene) and GDF9 (expressed in oocytes and necessary for ovarian folliculogenesis). The research subject is the genetic structure of second­generation crossbreeds of small ruminants. The aim of the research is to study genetic polymorphism in crossbreeds of small ruminants. The scientific novelty consisted in the study of allelic variants of genes through genotyping of crossbred rams of the F2 generation in the conditions of the Republic of Dagestan. The following has been used for the research: gel electrophoresis method; PCR­RFLP method – for the purpose of genotyping the studied sample by the GH, GDF9 and CAST genes. Genetic and statistical analysis was carried out using a standard set of formulas. Polymorphism of the CAST gene was represented by the M allele with a high (0.9) and the N allele with a low (0.1) frequency occurrence. Homozygous genotypes CASTMM and CASTNN, as well as heterozygous CASTMN were distributed in the following ratio: 86.6; 6.7; 6.7 % respectively. The peculiarity of the allelic spectrum of the GH gene, represented by two alleles and two genotypes – GHA and GHB, GHAA and GHAB, was expressed in a lower frequency of occurrence of the GHA allele of GHAA genotype, which amounted to 0.8 and 80 %, respectively. In the studied sample, when studying the polymorphism of the GDF9 gene locus, it has been determined that the frequency of occurrence of GDF9G allele was 1.7 times higher than the frequency of occurrence of GDF9A allele (0.37). As a result of the research, polymorphism of genes with different frequencies of occurrence was established. Analysis of the structure of the studied genes revealed significant genotypes in terms of breeding for targeted selection. In the sample of the studied se condgeneration crossbred cattle, the significant genotypes in terms of breeding are CASTNN, GHBB, GDF9AA.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>генотипирование</kwd><kwd>помесные бараны</kwd><kwd>аллельный спектр генов</kwd><kwd>повышение племенных качеств</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>генетическая структура</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>biotechnology</kwd><kwd>genotyping</kwd><kwd>crossbred rams</kwd><kwd>allelic spectrum of genes</kwd><kwd>increasing breeding qualities</kwd><kwd>polymorphism</kwd><kwd>genetic structure</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Изучение генетического разнообразия и популяционной структуры российских пород крупного рогатого скота с использованием полигеномного анализа SNP / Н. А. Зиновьева, А. В. Доцев, А. А. 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