vestiagИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия аграрных наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series1817-72041817-7239The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1817-7204-2025-63-1-35-44vestiag-784Research ArticleЗЕМЛЯРОБСТВА І РАСЛІНАВОДСТВAAGRICULTURE AND PLANT CULTIVATIONМолекулярный скрининг аллеля устойчивости к антракнозу Rca2 у сортов и селекционных форм земляникиMolecular screening of anthracnose resistance allele Rca2 in strawberry varieties and selected formshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9770-8731ЛыжинА. С.LyzhinA. S.

Лыжин Александр Сергеевич – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

ул. Мичурина, 30, 393774, Мичуринск

Alexander S. Lyzhin – Ph. D. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher

30, Michurin Str., 393774, Michurinsk, Tambov Region

Ranenburzhetc@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1626-840XЛукъянчукИ. В.Luk’yanchukI. V.

Лукъянчук Ирина Васильевна – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

ул. Мичурина, 30, 393774, Мичуринск, Тамбовская область, Мичуринск

Irina V. Luk’yanchuk – Ph. D. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher

30, Michurin Str., 393774, Michurinsk, Tambov Region

irina.lk2011@yandex.ruФедеральный научный центр имени И. В. МичуринаI. V. Michurin Federal Science Center20252801202563135–44Copyright © Лыжин А.С., Лукъянчук И.В., 20252025Лыжин А.С., Лукъянчук И.В.Lyzhin A.S., Luk’yanchuk I.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/784

Антракноз (Colletotrichum acutatum) – опасное заболевание земляники. На территории Евразийского экономического союза C. acutatum является карантинным патогеном. Поэтому важной задачей является идентификация и создание новых форм земляники с генетически детерминированной устойчивостью. Применение диагностических ДНК-маркеров аллелей резистентности целевых генов повысит надежность идентификации и эффек- тивность селекционного процесса. Целью исследования являлся молекулярный скрининг аллеля резистентности к антракнозу Rca2 у сортов и отборных сеянцев земляники для выявления форм с генетически детерминированной устойчивостью к C. acutatum. Объектами исследования являлись 1-й сорт земклуники (F. × anashata Kantor.) и 53 генотипа земляники садовой (F. × ananassa Duch.): 38 сортов и 16 отборных форм. Молекулярный скрининг аллеля резистентности Rca2 проводили с использованием ДНК-маркера STS-Rca2_240. Для контроля протекания ПЦР маркер STS-Rca2_240 мультиплексировали с маркером EMFv020. В результате проведенного анализа маркерный фрагмент гена Rca2 идентифицирован у 14 (25,9 %) из 54 проанализированных образцов. Среди сортов он присутствует у 8 форм (21,1 %), а среди отборных форм – у 6 (37,5 %). У остальных проанализированных образцов ген Rca2 представлен аллелем rca2 в гомозиготном состоянии. Из сортов российской селекции ген Rca2 присутствует у земклуники Дар (гетерозиготное сочетание аллелей). Среди форм зарубежной селекции ген Rca2 выявлен у сортов Aprica, Florence, Laetitia, Malwina, Monterey, Portola и Selva (гомозиготное (аллель Rca2) или гетерозиготное сочетание аллелей). Среди проанализированных отборных форм земляники ген Rca2 в гетерозиготной форме идентифицирован у гибридов 2/1-24 (Quicky × Olympia), 3/9-28 (Florence × Faith), 4/7-10, 4/7-19 (Asia × Aprica), 5/2-26, 5/2-32 (San Andreas × Monterey). Указанные генотипы являются генетическими источниками устойчивости к антракнозной черной гнили и могут использоваться в программах маркер-опосредованной селекции. 

Anthracnose (Colletotrichum acutatum) is a dangerous strawberry disease. In the Eurasian Economic Union, C. acutatum is a quarantine pathogen. Therefore, an important aim is identification and creation of new strawberry forms with genetically determined resistance. Use of diagnostic DNA markers of target genes’ resistance alleles will increase reliability of identification and effectiveness of breeding process. The purpose of this study was molecular screening of anthracnose resistance allele Rca2 in strawberry varieties and selected seedlings to identify forms with genetically determined resistance to C. acutatum. The objects of the study were 1st variety of strawberry hybrids (F. × anashata Kantor.) and 53 genotypes of garden strawberry (F. × ananassa Duch.): 38 varieties and 16 selected forms. Molecular screening of Rca2 resistance allele was carried out using the DNA marker STS-Rca2_240. To control the PCR progress, the marker STS-Rca2_240 was multiplexed with the marker EMFv020. As a result of the analysis, the marker fragment of the Rca2 gene was identified in 14 (25.9 %) of the 54 analyzed strawberry samples. Among the strawberry varieties, the marker is present in 8 forms (21.1 %), and among the selected forms – in 6 samples (37.5 %). In the remaining analyzed strawberry samples, Rca2 gene is represented by the rca2 allele in homozygous state. Among the Russian strawberry varieties, the Rca2 gene is present in the variety of Dar (heterozygous combination of alleles). Among the foreign strawberry forms, Rca2 gene was identified in the varieties of Aprica, Florence, Laetitia, Malwina, Monterey, Portola and Selva (homozygous (Rca2 allele) or heterozygous combination of alleles). Among the analyzed strawberry selected forms, Rca2 gene in heterozygous form was identified in hybrids 2/1-24 (Quicky × Olympia), 3/9-28 (Florence × Faith), 4/7-10, 4/7-19 (Asia × Aprica), and 5/2-26, 5/2-32 (San Andreas × Monterey). These genotypes are genetic sources of resistance to anthracnose and can be used in marker-assisted breeding. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.