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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestiag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия аграрных наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1817-7204</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1817-7239</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1817-7204-2025-63-1-23-34</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestiag-783</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗЕМЛЯРОБСТВА І РАСЛІНАВОДСТВA</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGRICULTURE AND PLANT CULTIVATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Длительное хранение семян генетических ресурсов растений в условиях многолетней мерзлоты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Long-term storage of seeds of plant genetic resources in permafrost conditions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9323-7741</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мусаев</surname><given-names>Ф. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Musaev</surname><given-names>F. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мусаев Фархад Багадыр оглы – доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. Селекционная, 14, поселок ВНИИССОК, 143080, Одинцовский район, Московская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Farkhad B. Musaev – Dr. Sc. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher</p><p>14, Selektsionnaya Str., village VNIISSOK, 143080, Odintsovo District, Moscow Region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">musayev@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4351-2674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белецкий</surname><given-names>С. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beletskiу</surname><given-names>S. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белецкий Сергей Леонидович – кандидат технических наук, доцент</p><p>ул. Электрозаводская, 20, 107023, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey L. Beletskiу – Ph. D. (Engineering), Associate Professor</p><p>20, Elektrozavodskaya Str., 107023, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grain-miller@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лоозе</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Looze</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лоозе Валерий Владимирович – старший научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. Волочаевская, 40, 111033, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valery V. Looze – Senior Researcher</p><p>40, Volo chaevskaya Str., 111033, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vaalfa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5817-0860</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тареева</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tareeva</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тареева Марина Михайловна – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. Селекционная, 14, поселок ВНИИССОК, 143080, Одинцовский район, Московская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina M. Tareeva – Ph. D. (Agriculture), Senior Researcher</p><p>14, Selektsionnaya Str., village VNIISSOK, 143080, Odintsovo District, Moscow Region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tareeva-marina@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный центр овощеводства, пос. ВНИИССОК</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Vegetable</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт кондитерской промышленности – филиал Федерального научного центра пищевых систем имени В. М. Горбатова РАН</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Confectionery Industry – Branch of the V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт проблем хранения Росрезерва</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute for Storage Problems of the Federal Reserve</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мусаев Ф.Б., Белецкий С.Л., Лоозе В.В., Тареева М.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мусаев Ф.Б., Белецкий С.Л., Лоозе В.В., Тареева М.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Musaev F.B., Beletskiу S.L., Looze V.V., Tareeva M.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/783">https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/783</self-uri><abstract><p>Коллекции генетических ресурсов растений являются гарантом сохранения как природного биологического разнообразия, так и достижений селекции. В основном генетические коллекции состоят из семян, и надлежащее их хранение в оптимальных условиях является необходимостью (освобождает от их частого воспроизводства, связанного с материальными и трудовыми затратами). Необходим поиск оптимальных природных условий для длительного хранения семян, потому как в случае нештатных ситуаций техногенного характера они окажутся наиболее неуязвимыми. Проводится многолетний эксперимент по длительному хранению в условиях многолетней мерзлоты семян сельскохозяйственных растений. Цель работы – поиск оптимальных и безопасных условий для длительного хранения семян и зерна как на посевные цели, так и на продовольственные, изучение условий естественных хранилищ для создания стратегических запасов семян и продовольствия. В 2010 г. на хранение были заложены партии семян основных хлебных зерновых культур (пшеница яровая, ячмень яровой, рожь озимая, овес); в 2016 г. произведена закладка коллекции семян 26 сортообразцов 8 видов овощных культур. Проведены метеорологические наблюдения, применены термографы, гигрографы в хранилище. Первая выемка образцов состоялась после 6 лет хранения. Лабораторный анализ качества семян проводился с применением ГОСТ 12036-85; ГОСТ 12038-84; ГОСТ 12041-82; ГОСТ 12042-80; ГОСТ Р 52325-2005. Результаты показали высокую сохранность жизнеспособности семян зерновых и овощных культур. Семена всех образцов зерновых культур соответствовали требованиям, предъявляемым к репродукционным семенам (всхожесть более 87 %) согласно ГОСТ Р 52325-2005. Семена 17 образцов овощных культур сохранили всхожесть на уровне первого класса согласно требованиям ГОСТ 12038-84. Многолетние метеонаблюдения показывают постепенное потепление арктического климата за счет относительно высоких летних температур. В целом растет континентальность климата, и эксперимент продолжается, большая часть вышеназванных партий семян остаются еще на хранении, намечены дальнейшие экспедиции с выемкой образцов на 2025, 2035 и 2050 гг. Полученные данные метеоусловий свидетельствуют о повышении континентальности арктического климата и общем его потеплении. Полученные данные по жизнеспособности зерна злаковых и семян овощных культур при длительном хранении показывают эффективность использования условий многолетней мерзлоты для данной цели.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Collections of plant genetic resources are the guarantor of the preservation of both natural biological diversity and breeding achievements. Basically, genetic collections consist of seeds and, proper storage in optimal conditions is a necessity (it frees them from frequent reproduction associated with material and labor costs). It is necessary to search for optimal natural conditions for long-term storage of seeds, because in case of emergency situations of a technogenic nature, they will be the most vulnerable. A long-term experiment of long-term storage of agricultural plant seeds in permafrost conditions is being carried out. The aim of research is to find optimal and safe conditions for long-term storage of seeds and grain for both sowing and food purposes, and to study the conditions of natural storage facilities for creation of strategic reserves of seeds and food. In 2010, consignments of seeds of the main grain crops were put into storage (spring wheat, spring barley, winter rye and oats); in 2016, a seed collection of 26 varieties of 8 types of vegetable crops was laid. Meteorological observations were carried out, thermographs and hygrographs were used in the storage. The first sample extraction took place after 6 years of storage. Laboratory analysis of seed quality was carried out using the following standard methods: GOST 12036-85; GOST 12038-84; GOST 12041-82; GOST 12042-80; and GOST R 52325-2005. The results showed high viability of seeds of grain and vegetable crops. Seeds of all samples of grain crops met the requirements for reproductive seeds (germination over 87 %) according to GOST R 52325-2005. Seeds of 17 samples of vegetable crops retained germination at the first-class level in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12038-84. Long-term meteorological observations show a gradual warming of the Arctic climate due to relatively high summer temperatures. In general, the continentality of the climate is growing. The experiment continues, most of the above seed batches remain in storage, further expeditions with the extraction of samples are planned for 2025, 2035 and 2050. The obtained weather data indicate an increase in the continentality of the Arctic climate and its general warming. The data obtained on the viability of cereal grains and vegetable seeds during long-term storage show the effectiveness of using permafrost conditions for this purpose.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>семена</kwd><kwd>длительное хранение</kwd><kwd>многолетняя мерзлота</kwd><kwd>температура воздуха</kwd><kwd>качество семян</kwd><kwd>всхожесть семян</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>seeds</kwd><kwd>long-term storage</kwd><kwd>permafrost</kwd><kwd>air temperature</kwd><kwd>seed quality</kwd><kwd>seed germination</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Genebank standards for plant genetic resources for food and agriculture / FAO, Commis. on Genetic Resources for Food a. 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