vestiagИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия аграрных наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series1817-72041817-7239The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1817-7204-2024-62-3-214-223vestiag-763Research ArticleЗЕМЛЯРОБСТВА І РАСЛІНАВОДСТВAAGRICULTURE AND PLANT CULTIVATIONГибриды сахарной свеклы на стерильной основе и их полезные свойстваSugar beet hybrids based on cytoplasmic male sterility and their useful propertieshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0951-0942ВостриковаТ. В.VostrikovaT. V.

Вострикова Татьяна Валентиновна – кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории селекции исходного материала и гетерозисных опылителей.

Пос. ВНИИСС, 86, 396030, Рамонский район, Воронежская область

Tatyana V. Vostrikova – Ph. D. (Biology), Researcher of the Laboratory for Selection of Source Material and Heterotic Pollinators.

86, VNIISS, 396030, Ramonsky District, Voronezh Region

tanyavostric@rambler.ruБогомоловМ. А.BogomolovM. A.

Богомолов Михаил Алексеевич – доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.

Пос. ВНИИСС, 86, 396030, Рамонский район, Воронежская область

Mikhail A. Bogomolov – Dr. Sc. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher of the Laboratory for Selection of Source Material and Heterotic Pollinators.

86, VNIISS, 396030, Ramonsky District, Voronezh Region

bogomolov47@bk.ruМедведеваС. М.MedvedevaS. M.

Медведева Светлана Михайловна – кандидат химических наук, доцент кафедры органической химии.

Университетская пл., 1, 394018, Воронеж

Svetlana M. Medvedeva – Ph. D. (Chemistry), Associate Professor of the Department of Organic Chemistry.

1, Universitetskaya Sq., 394018, Voronezh

smmedvedeva@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8084-530XПотаповА. Ю.PotapovA. Yu.

Потапов Андрей Юрьевич – доктор химических наук, доцент кафедры органической химии.

Университетская пл., 1, 394018, Воронеж

Andrey Yu. Potapov – Dr. Sc. (Chemistry), Associate Professor of the Department of Organic Chemistry.

1, Universitetskaya Sq., 394018, Voronezh

pistones@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6576-0305ШихалиевХ. С.ShikhalievKh. S.

Шихалиев Хидмет Сафарович – доктор химических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой органической химии.

Университетская пл., 1, 394018, Воронеж

Khidmet S. Shikhaliev – Dr. Sc. (Chemistry), Professor, Head of the Department of Organic Chemistry.

1, Universitetskaya Sq., 394018, Voronezh

shikh1961@yandex.ruВсероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сахарной свеклы и сахара им. А.Л. Мазлумова, ВоронежA.L. Mazlumov All-Russian Research Institute of Sugar Beet and SugarВоронежский государственный университетVoronezh State University202431072024623214223Copyright © Вострикова Т.В., Богомолов М.А., Медведева С.М., Потапов А.Ю., Шихалиев Х.С., 20242024Вострикова Т.В., Богомолов М.А., Медведева С.М., Потапов А.Ю., Шихалиев Х.С.Vostrikova T.V., Bogomolov M.A., Medvedeva S.M., Potapov A.Y., Shikhaliev K.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/763

Исследование проводилось в течение 2017–2020 гг. в некоторых регионах России (в ЦентральноЧерноземном как основном) и в Казахстане. Основными показателями были «урожайность», «сахаристость», «сбор сахара», которые определяли традиционными методами. Для улучшения посевных свойств мужскостерильного компонента (МС) семена обрабатывали синтезированными органическими соединениями: 6-гидрокси-2,2,4-триметил-1,2-дигидрохинолином и 2-бензиламино-4-метилпиримидин-5-карбоновой кислотой. Рассчитывали увеличение энергии прорастания семян, всхожести семян, длины проростка и массы 100 проростков в опыте по сравнению с контролем (%). Положительный эффект от обработки семян на их посевные качества и стимуляцию ростовых показателей выявлен во всех вариантах применения дигидрохинолина и пиримидинкарбоновой кислоты. Отмечен высокий уровень односемянности (98–100 %) полученных гибридов. В исследуемых гибридах выявлен более высокий уровень основных показателей – «урожайность», «сахаристость», «сбор сахара» – относительно стандарта. Обработка недражированных семян сахарной свеклы пиримидинкарбоновой кислотой обеспечивает повышение энергии прорастания семян на 29–55 %, всхожести семян на 25–53 %, средней длины проростка на 43–70 %, массы 100 проростков на 61–80 % относительно контроля. Исследуемые вещества могут быть приняты в качестве стимуляторов роста сахарной свеклы в лабораторных и полевых условиях. Использование цитоплазматической мужской стерильности (ЦМС) позволяет быстрее, чем при традиционной селекции, создавать гетерозисные гибриды с комплексом хозяйственно ценных признаков. Это исследование способствует получению гибридов на стерильной основе и изучению их полезных свойств. Представленные результаты могут быть применены в производстве гибридов сахарной свеклы.

The study was made during 2017–2020 in Central Black Earth (as basis), some Russian regions and in Kazakhstan. The main indicators were “yield”, “sugar content”, “sugar yield”, which were determined by traditional methods. То improve sowing properties of male sterile (MS) component, seeds were treated with synthesized organic compounds: 6-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline and 2-benzylamino-4-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid. An increase of seed germinative energy, seed germination, seedling length, and mass of 100 seedlings in the experiment as compared to the cont rol (%) were calculated. A positive effect from seed treatment on their sowing qualities and a stimulation of growth indicators was revealed in all variants of using the dihydroquinoline and the pyrimidine-carboxylic acid. A high level of monogermity (98–100 %) was noted in obtained hybrids. Studied hybrids show a higher level of main indicators: “yield”, “sugar content”, “sugar yield” compared to the standard. The treatment of uncoated sugar beet seeds with the pyrimidine-carboxylic acid provides an increase in seed germination energy by 29–55 %, seed germination by 25–53 %, average seedling length by 43–70 %, weight of 100 seedlings by 61–80 % compared to the control. Studied substances can be accepted as growth stimulants for sugar beet in laboratory and in field. Using CMS allows to create heterotic hybrids with the complex of economically valuable properties quicker compared to the traditional selection. This research provides obtaining hybrids on a sterile basis and study their useful properties. The results presented in the paper can be applied in the production process of sugar beet hybrids.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.