vestiagИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия аграрных наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series1817-72041817-7239The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1817-7204-2023-61-3-234-242vestiag-716Research ArticleЖЫВЁЛАГАДОЎЛЯ І ВЕТЭРЫНАРНАЯ МЕДЫЦЫНАANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND VETERINARY MEDICINEИсследование влияния концентрации дезодорирующих реагентов на эмиссию запахообразующих веществ свиных навозных стоковEffect of concentration of deodorizing reagents on the emission of odor-forming substances in pork manurehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5741-4381РатькоА. А.RatkoA. А.

Ратько Александр Анатольевич – кандидат химических наук, заместитель директора по научной и инновационной работе

ул. Сурганова, 9, корп. 1, 220072, Минск

Alexander A. Ratko – Ph. D. (Chemistry), Deputy Director for Science and Innovations

9/1, Surganova Str., 220072, Minsk

aratko@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1984-6116ДукоЮ. В.DukoYu. V.

Дуко Юлия Владимировна – научный сотрудник лаборатории минеральных удобрений

ул. Сурганова, 9, корп. 1, 220072, Минск

Yuliya V. Duko – Research of the Laboratory for Mineral Fertilizers

9/1, Surganova Str., 220072, Minsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0516-1765ШевчукВ. В.ShevchukV. V.

Шевчук Вячеслав Владимирович – член-корреспондент НАН Беларуси, доктор химических наук, заведующий лабораторией минеральных удобрений

ул. Сурганова, 9, корп. 1, 220072, Минск

Vyacheslav V. Shevchuk – Correspondent Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, D. Sc. (Chemistry), Head of the Laboratory for Mineral Fertilizers

9/1, Surganova Str., 220072, Minsk

shevchukslava@rambler.ruИнститут общей и неорганической химии Национальной академии наук БеларусиInstitute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus202328072023613234242Copyright © Ратько А.А., Дуко Ю.В., Шевчук В.В., 20232023Ратько А.А., Дуко Ю.В., Шевчук В.В.Ratko A.А., Duko Y.V., Shevchuk V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/716

Жалобы на присутствие неприятного запаха вблизи свиноводческих комплексов, а зачастую и на значительном расстоянии от них являются одним из ключевых факторов, сдерживающих развитие промышленного свиноводства. Неприятный запах возникает в результате анаэробного разложения навоза, а также ввиду наличия жидких стоков на свиноводческих комплексах. Несмотря на то что достаточно мало известно о влиянии неприятного запаха на здоровье человека, люди в основном испытывают природное отвращение к запаху навоза. Запах свиного навоза может стать неприятным фактором, оказывающим влияние на качество жизни людей в близлежащих к свинокомплексу населенных пунктах, а также влиять на цену объектов недвижимости, расположенных в них. Возрастающее ужесточение нормативов, регулирующих уровень запаха, может также стать одним из лимитирующих факторов для развития этой отрасли сельского хозяйства. Проведены детальные исследования по подбору оптимальной концентрации химических реагентов для дезодорации и обезвреживания жидких навозных стоков свиноводческого комплекса. Установлено, что эффект обеззараживания и подавления неприятного запаха на длительный срок обеспечивается применением композиции, содержащей персульфат аммония, надуксусную кислоту и формалин, композиции, имеющей в своем составе серную кислоту, гипохлорит натрия и гидроксид натрия, и композиции на основе нитрита натрия и молибдата аммония. Показано, что вышеупомянутые смеси являются эффективными по отношению к образцам навозных стоков как в лабораторных (объем навозных стоков, взятый для проведения эксперимента, составлял 200–400 мл), так и в полупромышленных условиях (объем навозных стоков – 80 л). Полученные в результате такой обработки навозные смеси не представляют опасности для окружающей среды и могут быть в дальнейшем использованы при производстве комплексных органоминеральных удобрений. 

Complaints on unpleasant odor occurring near pig-breeding complexes and frequently, at a considerable distance from them, are one of the key factors that are limiting the development of pig-breeding industry. Unpleasant odor takes place as a result of anaerobic decomposition of the manure and also due to liquid slurry at the pig-breeding facility. Despite the fact, that the effect of unpleasant odor on human health is under-investigated, the people suffer natural aversion to the smell of manure. The smell of swine manure can be an unpleasant factor affecting the quality of the life of people living in the cities close to the pig-breeding complexes and also have an effect on the price of the real estate located within this area. Tightening of standards regulating the level of odor can also be a limiting factor for this branch of industry. Detailed research aimed at the selection of the optional composition of chemical reagents for deodoration and disinfection of liquid slurry waste at a pig breeding complex is presented. It has been determined, that the effect of disinfection and suppression of unpleasant odor for a long time is provided by the composition of ammonium persulphate, peracetic acid and formalin, the composition that contains sulphuric acid, sodium hypochlorite and sodium hydroxide and finally, the composition that contains sodium nitrite and ammonium molybdate. It was showed that the abovementioned mixtures are effective in relation to the samples of manure in laboratory (the volume of manure taken for the experiment was 200-400 ml), as well as semi-industrial conditions (the volume of manure – 80 liters). The manure mixtures obtained as a result of such treatment are environmentally friendly and can be used for the production of organo-mineral fertilizers.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.