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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestiag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия аграрных наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1817-7204</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1817-7239</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1817-7204-2021-59-4-488-500</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestiag-597</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕХАНІЗАЦЫЯ І ЭНЕРГЕТЫКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MECHANIZATION AND POWER ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Система технического зрения распознавания дефектов яблок: обоснование, разработка, испытание</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Technical vision system for apple defects recognition: justification, development, testing</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9102-2816</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казакевич</surname><given-names>П. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazakevich</surname><given-names>P. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казакевич Петр Петрович – член-корреспондент НАН Беларуси, доктор технических наук, профессор, заместитель Председателя Президиума Национальной академии наук Беларуси </p><p>пр. Независимости, 66, 220072 г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petr P. Kazakevich - Corresponding Member, Ph.D. (Engineering), Рrofessor</p><p>66, Neza visimosti Ave., Minsk 220072</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oan2011@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9348-8110</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрин Антон Николаевич – кандидат технических наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>ул. Кнорина, 1, 220049 г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton N. Yurin - Ph.D. (Engineerig), Associate Professor</p><p>1, Knorina Str., Minsk 220049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anton-jurin@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3412-9174</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокопович</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokopovich</surname><given-names>G. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прокопович Григорий Александрович – кандидат технических наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>ул. Сурганова, 6, 220012 г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grigory А. Prokopovich - Ph.D. (Technical), Associate Professor</p><p>6, Surganova Str., 220012, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prokopovich@newman.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Президиум Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Presidium of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-практический центр Национальной академии наук Беларуси по механизации сельского хозяйства</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific and Production Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus for Agricultural Mechanization</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Объединенный институт проблем информатики Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Joint Institute for Informatics Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>59</volume><issue>4</issue><elocation-id>488–500</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Казакевич П.П., Юрин А.Н., Прокопович Г.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Казакевич П.П., Юрин А.Н., Прокопович Г.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kazakevich P.P., Yurin A.N., Prokopovich G.А.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/597">https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/597</self-uri><abstract><p>Наиболее рациональным методом идентификации качества плодов является оптический метод с использованием СИЗ, обладающий точностью и стабильностью измерения, а также дистанционностью и высокой производительностью. В статье представлена классификация систем распознавания качества плодов и обоснована конструктивно-технологическая схема системы технического зрения для их сортировки, состоящая из оптического модуля с установленной структурной подсветкой и видеокамерой, электронного блока управления с интерфейсом и исполнительными механизмами сортировщика и конвейера для плодов. В процессе исследования обоснованы однопоточный тип потока плодов в СИЗ с принудительным их вращением, конструктивно-технологическая схема СТЗ с питающим конвейером, оптическим модулем и блоком управления, разработано программное обеспечение СТЗ на основе алгоритма сегментации цветов плодов, алгоритма трекинга и глубокого обучения ИНС, обеспечивающее распознавание размеров и цветов плодов, а также повреждений от механического воздействия, вредителей и болезней. Разработанная СТЗ внедрена в технологическую линию сортировки и фасовки яблок, ЛСП-4 успешно прошла предварительные испытания и производственную проверку в ОАО «Остромечево». В ходе предварительных испытаний линии ЛСП-4 установлено, что она обеспечивает распознавание плодов с вероятностью не менее 95 %, при этом производительность труда составляет 2,5 т/ч</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The most rational method for identifying the quality of fruits is the optical method using PPE, which has the accuracy and stability of measurement, as well as distance and high productivity. The paper presents classification of fruit quality recognition systems and substantiates the design and technological scheme of the vision system for sorting them, consisting of an optical module with installed structural illumination and a video camera, an electronic control unit with an interface and actuators for the sorter and conveyor for fruits. In the course of the study, a single-stream type of fruit flow in PPE with forced rotation was substantiated, a structural and technological scheme of an STZ with a feeding conveyor, an optical module and a control unit, an algorithm for functioning of the STZ software was developed based on algorithm for segmentation of fruit colors, tracking algorithm, etc. deep learning ANN, which provide recognition of the size and color of fruits, as well as damage from mechanical stress, pests and diseases. The developed STZ has been introduced into the processing line for sorting and packing apples, LSP-4 has successfully passed preliminary tests and production tests at OJSC Ostromechevo. In the course of preliminary tests of the LSP-4 line, it was found that it provided fruit recognition with a probability of at least 95%, while the labor productivity made 2.5 t/h.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>яблоки</kwd><kwd>повреждения плодов</kwd><kwd>линия сортировки яблок</kwd><kwd>система технического зрения</kwd><kwd>распознавание плодов</kwd><kwd>алгоритм сегментации</kwd><kwd>трекинг</kwd><kwd>искусственная нейронная сеть</kwd><kwd>глубокое обучение</kwd><kwd>суперпикселы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>apples</kwd><kwd>fruit damage</kwd><kwd>apple sorting line</kwd><kwd>vision system</kwd><kwd>fruit recognition</kwd><kwd>segmentation algorithm</kwd><kwd>tracking</kwd><kwd>artificial neural network</kwd><kwd>deep learning</kwd><kwd>superpixels</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках Государственной научно-технической программы «Ин- новационные агропромышленные и продоволь ст венные технологии» на 2021–2025 годы, подпрограмма «Белсельхозмеханизация-2025»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out as part of the State Research and Technical Program “Innova- tive agroindustrial and food technologies” for 2021-2025, subprogram “Belselkhozmekhanizatsiya-2025”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гурьянов, Д. 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