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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestiag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия аграрных наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1817-7204</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1817-7239</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1817-7204-2021-59-2-215-219</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestiag-565</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЖЫВЁЛАГАДОЎЛЯ І ВЕТЭРЫНАРНАЯ МЕДЫЦЫНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND VETERINARY MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности кариотипа украинской аборигенной гуцульской породы лошадей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Peculiarities of karyotype of the Ukrainian aboriginal Hutsul breed of horse</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9565-807X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стародуб</surname><given-names>Л. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Starodub</surname><given-names>L. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стародуб Любовь Феофиловна, кандидат с.-х. наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. Погребняка, 1, 08321 с. Чубинское, Бориспольский р-н, Киевская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Starodub Lybov F., Ph.D. (Agricultural)</p><p>1, Pogrebnyaka, Chubinskoe 08321, Boryspil district, Kiev region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">starodublf@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт разведения и генетики животных имени М.В. Зубца НААН</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics ND A. MV Zubets NAAS</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>59</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>215</fpage><lpage>219</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Стародуб Л.Ф., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Стародуб Л.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Starodub L.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/565">https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/565</self-uri><abstract><p>Сохранение биоразнообразия и оценка генетического разнообразия местных пород домашних животных как приоритетных объектов защиты в агробиоценозах – одна из глобальных задач, стоящих перед человечеством в XXI веке. Гуцульская лошадь – одна из древнейших пород лошадей в Украине, которая по объекту генофонда лошадей Украины относится к группе «Местные (горные и пони)» I категории, которая уже находится на грани исчезновения, а по классификации ФАО является объектом генофонда, находящихся под угрозой исчезновения. Поскольку породный хромосомный полиморфизм лошадей недостаточно изучен, проведение цитогенетического анализа особенностей спонтанного мутагенеза гуцульских лошадей является своевременным. Кариотипическую изменчивость лошадей гуцульськой породы определяли с использованием методов цитогенетического анализа и микроядерного теста. В статье представлены результаты цитогенетического анализа и микроядерного теста кариотипической изменчивости лошадей гуцульськой породы. Асинхронная дивергенция центромерных областей хромосом происходит в результате преждевременной репликации центромерных областей гетерохроматина, связанной с активностью центромер. У исследованных гуцульских лошадей величина этой изменчивости соответствует спонтанному уровню для лошадей в целом (2,2–9,1 %). Структурных хромосомных аномалий (хромосомных разрывов) у лошадей ООО «Край Неба» не выявлено, а у животных Национального природного парка «Гуцульщина» процент метафазных пластинок с хромосомными разрывами был низким (1,1 %), что свидетельствует о стабильности кариотипа исследуемых животных. Результаты микроядерного теста показали, что доля лимфоцитов с микроядром у животных двух хозяйств была практически одинаковой – 4,0–4,2. Из полученных данных можно сделать вывод, что исследуемые животные находились в экологически чистых условиях относительно уровня радионуклидного загрязнения и характеризовались стабильностью кариотипа и пониженной чувствительностью к мутагенным факторам различной природы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Saving biodiversity and assessment of the genetic diversity of local breeds of domestic animals as priority subjects of protection in agrobiocenoses is one of the global challenges facing humanity in the 21st century. Hutsul horse is one of the oldest horse breeds in Ukraine, which according to the gene pool subject of horses in Ukraine belongs to the group “Local (mountain and ponies)” of the I category, which is already on the verge of extinction, and according to the FAO classification it is considered to be a subject of the gene pool threatened with extinction. Since the breeding chromosomal polymorphism of horses is insufficiently studied, it is timely to carry out a cytogenetic analysis of the characteristics of spontaneous mutagenesis in Hutsul horses. Karyotypic variability of Hutsul breed horses was determined using the methods of cytogenetic analysis and micronucleus test. The paper presents the results of cytogenetic analysis and micronucleus test of karyotypic variability of Hutsul breed horses. Asynchronous divergence of centromere regions of chromosomes occurs as a result of premature replication of centromere regions of heterochromatin associated with centromere activity. In the studied Hutsul horses, the magnitude of this variability corresponds to the spontaneous level for horses as a whole (2.2-9.1 %). No structural chromosomal abnormalities (chromosomal breaks) were revealed in Hutsul breed horses at Krai Neba LLC, and in the animals of the Hutsulshchina National Nature Park, the percentage of metaphase plates with chromosomal breaks was low (1.1 %), which indicates the stability of the karyotype of the studied animals. The results of the micronucleus test showed that the proportion of lymphocytes with micronuclei in the animals at the both farms was practically the same - 4.0-4.2. It can be concluded based on the data obtained that the animals under study were in ecologically clean conditions relative to the level of radionuclide contamination and were characterized by karyotype stability and reduced sensitivity to mutagenic factors of various nature.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лошади</kwd><kwd>гуцульськая порода</kwd><kwd>анеуплоидия</kwd><kwd>полиплоидия</kwd><kwd>геномные нарушения</kwd><kwd>стабильность кариотипа</kwd><kwd>лимфоциты</kwd><kwd>хромосомы</kwd><kwd>хромосомные разрывы</kwd><kwd>митотический индекс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>horses</kwd><kwd>Hutsul breed</kwd><kwd>aneuploidy</kwd><kwd>polyploidy</kwd><kwd>genomic abnormalities</kwd><kwd>karyotype stability</kwd><kwd>lymphocytes</kwd><kwd>chromosomes</kwd><kwd>chromosomal breaks</kwd><kwd>mitotic index</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boettcher P., Martin J. 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