vestiagИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия аграрных наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series1817-72041817-7239The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1817-7204-2021-59-1-41-50vestiag-539Research ArticleЗЕМЛЯРОБСТВА І РАСЛІНАВОДСТВAAGRICULTURE AND PLANT CULTIVATIONИзменение агрохимических показателей плодородия пахотного слоя чернозёма типичного за ротацию полевого севооборота под воздействием систем основного возделывания и удобрения в правобережной лесостепи УкраиныImpact of basic tillage systems and fertilization on agrochemical indices of soil fertility in the right bank of the Forest-Steppe of UkraineПримакИ. Д.PrymakI. D.

Примак Иван Дмитрович – доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, заведующий кафедры земледелия, агрохимии и почвоведения

Соборная пл., 8/1, 09117, Белая Церьковь, Киевская область

 

Ivan D. Prymak - D. Sci. (Agricultural), Professor

8/1, Sobornaya pl., Belaya Tserkov, Kyiv region, 09117

gornovskayasvetlana@ukr.netФедорукЮ. В.FedorukY. V.

Федорук Юрий Васильевич – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент

Соборная пл., 8/1, 09117, Белая Церьковь, Киевская область

 

Yriy V. Fedoruk - Ph. D. (Agricultural), Associate Professor

8/1, Sobornaya pl., Belaya Tserkov, Kyiv region, 09117

fedoruky_4@ukr.netКараульнаВ. Н.KaraulnaV. N.

Караульна Виталина Николаевна – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент

Соборная пл., 8/1, 09117, Белая Церьковь, Киевская область

 

Vitalina N. Karaulna - Ph. D. (Agricultural), Associate Professor

8/1, Sobornaya pl., Belaya Tserkov, Kyiv region, 09117

ЕзерковскаяЛ. В.YezerkovskaL. V.

Езерковская Людмила Викторовна – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент кафедры земледелия, агрохимии и почвоведения

Соборная пл., 8/1, 09117, Белая Церьковь, Киевская область

 

Lyudmyla V. Yezerkovska - Ph. D. (Agricultural), Associate Professor

8/1, Sobornaya pl., Belaya Tserkov, Kyiv region, 09117

zemlerobstvo_@ukr.netПанченкоА. Б.PanchenkoA. B.

Панченко Александр Борисович – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент

Соборная пл., 8/1, 09117, Белая Церьковь, Киевская область

 

Аleksandr B. Panchenko - Ph. D. (Agricultural), Associate Professor

8/1, Sobornaya pl., Belaya Tserkov, Kyiv region, 09117

zemlerobstvo_@ukr.netПокотылоИ. А.PokotyloI. A.

Покотыло Игорь Анатолиевич – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент

Соборная пл., 8/1, 09117, Белая Церьковь, Киевская область

 

Igor A. Pokotylo - Ph. D. (Agricultural), Associate Professor

8/1, Sobornaya pl., Belaya Tserkov, Kyiv region, 09117

roslynnytstvo@ukr.netГорновскаяС. В.HornovskaS. V.

Горновская Светлана Владмировна – ассистент кафедры технологий в растениеводстве и защиты растений

Соборная пл., 8/1, 09117, Белая Церьковь, Киевская область

 

Svetlana V. Hornovska

8/1, Sobornaya pl., Belaya Tserkov, Kyiv region, 09117

gornovskayasvetlana@ukr.netПанченкоИ. А.PanchenkoI. A.

Панченко Инна Анатолиевна – ассистент кафедры земледелия, агрохимии и почвоведения

Соборная пл., 8/1, 09117, Белая Церьковь, Киевская область

 

Inna A. Panchenko

8/1, Sobornaya pl., Belaya Tserkov, Kyiv region, 09117

zemlerobstvo_@ukr.netФедорукН. Н.FedorukN. N.

Федорук Наталия Николаевна – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ассистент кафедры пищевых технологий и технологий переработки продукции животноводства

Соборная пл., 8/1, 09117, Белая Церьковь, Киевская область

Natalia N. Fedoruk - Ph. D. (Agricultural), Associate Professor

8/1, Sobornaya pl., Belaya Tserkov, Kyiv region, 09117

fedoruky_4@ukr.netОбражейС. В.ObrazhyyS. V.

Ображей Сергей Владимирович – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент

Соборная пл., 8/1, 09117, Белая Церьковь, Киевская область

Sergiy V. Obrazhyy - Ph. D. (Agricultural), Associate Professor

8/1, Sobornaya pl., Belaya Tserkov, Kyiv region, 09117

zemlerobstvo_@ukr.netБелоцерковский национальный аграрный университетBila Tserkva National Agrarian UniversityБелоцерковский национальный аграрный университетBila Tserkva National Agrarian UniversityBila Tserkva National Agrarian UniversityBila Tserkva National Agrarian University2021080220215914150Copyright © Примак И.Д., Федорук Ю.В., Караульна В.Н., Езерковская Л.В., Панченко А.Б., Покотыло И.А., Горновская С.В., Панченко И.А., Федорук Н.Н., Ображей С.В., 20212021Примак И.Д., Федорук Ю.В., Караульна В.Н., Езерковская Л.В., Панченко А.Б., Покотыло И.А., Горновская С.В., Панченко И.А., Федорук Н.Н., Ображей С.В.Prymak I.D., Fedoruk Y.V., Karaulna V.N., Yezerkovska L.V., Panchenko A.B., Pokotylo I.A., Hornovska S.V., Panchenko I.A., Fedoruk N.N., Obrazhyy S.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/539

В статье представлены результаты стационарного многофакторного полевого опыта по изучению взаимовлияния различных систем глубокой и поверхностной обработки почвы в сочетании с различными уровнями применения органических и минеральных удобрений на продуктивность севооборотов, а также на ряд агрохимических индикаторов плодородия черноземной почвы. Исследования выполнены в стационарном полевом опыте на опытном поле Белоцерковского национального университета в 2013–2018 гг. На протяжении ротации севооборота при всех исследуемых возделываниях, особенно безотвального и дискового, с повышением норм удобрений гидролитическая кислотность пахотного слоя росла, а сумма поглощенных основ, степень насыщения ими, содержимое обменных катионов кальция и магния уменьшались, однако в большинстве случаев эти изменения не существенны. Систематическая безотвальная и дисковое возделывание усиливают гетерогенность пахотного слоя почвы относительно агрохимических показателей его плодородия. С повышением уровня внесенных удобрений гетерогенность усиливается. При отвальном на протяжении ротационного периода севооборота возделывания неудобренных участков наибольшая часть убыли гумуса в пахотном слое наблюдается в верхней, наименьшая – в нижней его частях; на удобренных наивысшей нормой удобрений вариантах зафиксирована обратная закономерность. При безотвальном и дисковом возделывании прослеживались прямо противоположные закономерности по сравнению с отвальным. Ежегодное внесение 8 т/га гною + N76P64K57 стабилизирует гумусное состояние пахотного слоя почвы при проведении в севообороте дифференцированного и дискового возделывания. Норма удобрений 12 т/га гною + N95P82K75 на этих вариантах возделывания обеспечивает существенный рост запасов гумуса и общего азота.

The paper presents the results of stationary multifactor field experiment on study of the mutual impact of various systems of soil deep and surface tillage in combination with various levels of organic and mineral fertilizers application on crop rotation performance, as well as on a number of agrochemical indicators of black soil fertility. Researches were carried out as a stationary field experiment on the experimental field of Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University in 2013-2018. During the crop rotation in all the studied tillage methods, especially mouldboardless and disking tillage, the hydrolytic acidity of the arable layer increased with increase in fertilizer rates, and the amount of bases absorbed, saturation degree, level of exchangeable calcium and magnesium cations decreased, but in most cases these changes were not significant. Systematic mouldboardless and disking tillage enhance the topsoil heterogeneity in relation to agrochemical indicators of its fertility. Heterogeneity increases with increase in the level of applied fertilizers. With the mouldboard tillage during the crop rotation period at unfertilized areas, the largest part of humus loss in the arable layer is observed in the top, and the smallest - in its bottom parts; the opposite pattern was observed on fertilized areas at the highest rate. With mouldboardless and disking tillage, directly opposite patterns were observed in comparison with mouldboard tillage. An annual application of 8 t/ha of manure + N76P64K57 stabilizes the humus state of the arable soil layer when carrying out differentiated and disking tillage in crop rotation. Fertilization rate of 12 t/ha of manure + N95P82K75 for these tillage options a significant increase in humus and total nitrogen reserves is provided.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.