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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestiag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия аграрных наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1817-7204</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1817-7239</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1817-7204-2020-58-1-55-67</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestiag-477</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗЕМЛЯРОБСТВА І РАСЛІНАВОДСТВA</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGRICULTURE AND PLANT CULTIVATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Прямые и косвенные потери, определяющие вредоносность грибов р. Fusarium – возбудителей фузариоза колоса и зерна пшеницы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Direct and indirect losses determining the harmfulness of mushrooms p. Fusarium – fusariosis causes wheat speak and grain</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шашко</surname><given-names>Ю. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shashko</surname><given-names>Yu. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шашко Юрий Константинович – доцент, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, зав. лабораторией иммунитета</p><p>ул. Тимирязева, 1, 222164 Жодино, Минская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shashko Yuriy K. - Ph.D. (Agriculture), Assistant Professor</p><p>1 Timiryazeva Str., Zhodino, Minsk Region 222160</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Shashko_Y@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгова</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgova</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Долгова Елена Леонидовна – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, зав. отделом биохимии и биотехнологии</p><p>ул. Тимирязева, 1, 222164 Жодино, Минская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dalhova Alena L. - Ph.D. (Agriculture)</p><p>1 Timiryazeva Str., Zhodino, Minsk Region 222160</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ms.heldel@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шашко</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shashko</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шашко Марина Николаевна – научный сотрудник, лаборатория иммунитета</p><p>ул. Тимирязева, 1, 222164 Жодино, Минская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shashko Maryna N. </p><p>1 Timiryazeva Str., Zhodino, Minsk Region 222160</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Shashko21@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-практический центр Национальной академии наук Беларуси по земледелию</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Research and Practical Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus for Arable Farming</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>02</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>58</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шашко Ю.К., Долгова Е.Л., Шашко М.Н., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шашко Ю.К., Долгова Е.Л., Шашко М.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shashko Y.K., Dolgova A.L., Shashko M.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/477">https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/477</self-uri><abstract><p>Грибы р. Fusarium являются одними из наиболее вредоносных возбудителей болезней пшеницы. Их вредоносность обусловлена как прямыми потерями за счет снижения урожая, так и косвенными – в результате заражения полученной продукции микотоксинами и снижением технологических, хлебопекарных и посевных характеристик зерна. В связи с высокими потенциальными потерями исследования количественных параметров вредоносности возбудителей фузариоза колоса и зерна являются актуальными. В статье представлены данные, показывающие вредоносность фузариоза колоса и зерна пшеницы. Приведены причины прямых и косвенных потерь при поражении колоса пшеницы грибами из р. Fusarium. Показаны прямые потери урожайности культуры в естественных условиях Минской области и при эпифитотийном развитии болезни при искусственном заражении, которые могут достигать 50 % и более. Проанализировано влияние фузариев на хлебопекарные свойства пшеницы. Установлено, что поражение зерна вызывает снижение массы 1000 зерен и выход муки при использовании его в мукомольной промышленности, а также ухудшение ее качеств за счет снижения содержания белка и сырой клейковины. Определено влияние патогенов на посевные характеристики зерна. Сделан вывод, что для использования в качестве семян по показателю лабораторной всхожести могут быть допущены партии зерна, инфицированные фузариозом только до 15 %. Полученные данные позволят адаптировать защитные мероприятия против фузариоза колоса и зерна и снизить его негативное влияние на урожайность и качество получаемой продукции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Fungi p. Fusarium is one of the most harmful pathogens of wheat diseases. Their harmfulness is caused both by direct losses due to decrease in yield, and indirect as a result of infection of the obtained products with mycotoxins and decrease in process, baking and sowing parameters of grain. Due to high potential losses, analysis of quantitative parameters of harmfulness of fusarium pathogens of spike and grain is relevant. The paper presents data showing the harmfulness of Fusarium of spike and wheat grain. The causes of direct and indirect losses in case of damage to wheat spike by fungi of p. Fusarium. Direct losses of crop yield are shown in the natural conditions of Minsk region and with the epiphytotic development of the disease in case of artificial infection, which can reach over 50 %. The effect of Fusaria on baking properties of wheat is analyzed. It was determined that grain damage causes decrease in weight of 1000 grains and the flour yield when it is used in the milling industry, as well as deterioration in its quality due to decrease in protein and crude gluten level. The effect of pathogens on sowing parameters of grain is determined. It is concluded that for use as seeds in terms of laboratory germination capacity, batches of grain infected with Fusarium only up to 15 % can be accepted. The data obtained will allow us to adapt protective measures against Fusarium of spike and grain and reduce its negative impact on crop yield and quality of the products obtained.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пшеница</kwd><kwd>фузариоз колоса и зерна</kwd><kwd>вредоносность</kwd><kwd>урожайность</kwd><kwd>потери</kwd><kwd>энзимо-микозное истекание зерна</kwd><kwd>хлебопекарные качества</kwd><kwd>масса 1000 зерен</kwd><kwd>белок</kwd><kwd>клейковина</kwd><kwd>лабораторная всхожесть</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>wheat</kwd><kwd>spike and grain Fusarium</kwd><kwd>harmfulness</kwd><kwd>crop yield</kwd><kwd>losses</kwd><kwd>enzyme-mycotic expiration of grain</kwd><kwd>baking qualities</kwd><kwd>weight of thousand of grains</kwd><kwd>protein</kwd><kwd>gluten</kwd><kwd>laboratory germination</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках проекта 6.74 «Выявление источников устойчивости и толерантности к фузариозу колоса и зерна пшеницы» Государственной программы научных исследований «Качество и эффективность агропромышленного производства» на 2016–2020 годы, подпрограмма «Земледелие и селекция».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out as part of the project 6.74 “Identification of sources of resistance and tolerance to spike and wheat grain Fusarium” of the State Research Program “Quality and Efficiency of Agroindustrial Production for 2016-2020”, subprogram “Agriculture and Breeding”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goswami, R. 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