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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestiag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия аграрных наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1817-7204</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1817-7239</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1817-7204-2020-58-1-42-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestiag-476</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗЕМЛЯРОБСТВА І РАСЛІНАВОДСТВA</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGRICULTURE AND PLANT CULTIVATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль предшественников и минеральных удобрений в патогенезе ризоктониоза картофеля и продуктивности культуры в условиях Западной Сибири</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Role of previous crops and mineral fertilizers in pathogenesis of potato black scab and crop productivity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малюга</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyuga</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малюга Анна Анатольевна – доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, заместитель руководителя по научной работе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Malyuga – D. Sc. (Agricultural)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anna_malyuga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чуликова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chulikova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чуликова Наталья Сергеевна – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории защиты растений</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia S. Chulikova – Ph. D. (Agricultural)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalya-chulikova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский научно-исследовательский институт земледелия и химизации сельского хозяйства Сибирского федерального научного центра агробиотехнологий Российской академии наук</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian Research Institute of Soil Management and Chemicalization of Agriculture of Federal State budgetary Institution of Scientific Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SRISMCA SFSCA RAS)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>02</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>58</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Малюга А.А., Чуликова Н.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Малюга А.А., Чуликова Н.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Malyuga A.A., Chulikova N.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/476">https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/476</self-uri><abstract><p>Одним из основных факторов, ограничивающих урожайность картофеля в Западной Сибири, являются различные заболевания культуры, среди которых почвенно-клубневые инфекции занимают особое место. Актуальной проблемой при производстве картофеля является ризоктониоз. Хозяйственное значение данного заболевания оценивается 50%-ными ежегодными потерями урожая в период вегетации. В статье представлены результаты исследования влияния предшествующих культур (картофеля, овса и горчицы сарептской) и минеральных удобрений (N40P40K80) на патогенез ризоктониоза в посадках картофеля, а также продуктивность культуры. Оценку действия используемых приемов на развитие ризоктониоза проводили на естественных фонах в условиях лесостепной зоны Приобья Новосибирской области. Сезонная динамика гриба Rhizoctonia solani в почве имеет характерный подъем численности в конце вегетации растений. В условиях Западной Сибири в протекании патологического процесса ризоктониоза наибольшее значение играет почвенная инфекция (доля влияния фактора – от 50 % в фазу полных всходов до 90 % к фазе цветения). Овес и горчица оказывали действие на возбудителя ризоктониоза в течение двух лет после их выращивания как предшественника, причем овес более сильно воздействовал на патогена на второй год возделывания по нему картофеля. В среднем по факторам овес и горчица сарептская в комплексе с минеральными удобрениями (N40P40K80) достоверно снижают развитие ризоктониоза на растениях в 1,1–1,3 раза по сравнению с картофелем, возделываемым в монокультуре, а минеральные удобрения значительно (в 1,3 раза) увеличивают продуктивность растений. Предшественники (в среднем) практически не влияли на данный показатель. Урожайность картофеля в монокультуре и после овса практически одинакова, а после горчицы несущественно выше (в 1,1 раза). Совершенствование экологически безопасных технологий защиты картофеля от почвенно-клубневых инфекций и внедрение их в производство будет способствовать получению стабильных урожаев культуры высокого качества и, как следствие, формированию эффективного агропромышленного комплекса, обеспечивающего продовольственную безопасность страны.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>One of the main factors limiting the potato yield in Western Siberia is various crop diseases, among which soil and tuber infections hold a special place. The sore issue in potatoes production is black scab. The economic significance of this disease is estimated at 50 % yield loss during the growing season. The results of analyzing the effect of previous crops (potatoes, oats and tendergreen) and mineral fertilizers (N40P40K80) on pathogenesis of black scab in potato plantations, and also crop productivity are presented in the paper. Evaluation of the used techniques effect on development of black scab was performed on natural backgrounds in conditions of forest-steppe zone of Priobye in the Novosibirsk region. The seasonal dynamics of the Rhizoctonia solani fungus in the soil has a characteristic increase in the number at the end of plants growing season. In the conditions of Western Siberia, in the course of pathological process of black scab, the soil infection (proportion of the factor effect from 50 % during the phase of full germination to 90 % to the flowering phase) plays the most important role. Oats and tendergreen had been affecting on the agent of black scab disease during two years after cultivation as a precursor, and oats affected the pathogen more strongly in the second year of potato cultivation. On average according to factors, oats and tendergreen with mineral fertilizers (N40P40K80) reliably reduce development of black scab on plants 1.1-1.3 times as compared to potatoes cultivated in monoculture, and mineral fertilizers significantly (1.3 times) increase the plants performance. The predecessors (on average) had practically no effect on this indicator. The yield of potatoes in monoculture and after oats is almost the same, and after tendergreen it is insignificantly higher (1.1 times). Mastering environmentally friendly technologies for protecting potatoes from soil and tuber infections and implementation of those into production will contribute to obtaining stable crops of a high quality culture, and, as a result, formation of efficient agro-industrial complex ensuring the country’s food security.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>картофель</kwd><kwd>предшественники</kwd><kwd>овес</kwd><kwd>горчица сарептская</kwd><kwd>минеральные удобрения</kwd><kwd>ризоктониоз картофеля</kwd><kwd>патогенез</kwd><kwd>почвенная инфекция</kwd><kwd>клубневая инфекция</kwd><kwd>развитие болезни</kwd><kwd>продуктивность культуры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>potatoes</kwd><kwd>predecessors</kwd><kwd>oats</kwd><kwd>tendergreen</kwd><kwd>mineral fertilizers</kwd><kwd>potato black scab</kwd><kwd>pathogenesis</kwd><kwd>soil infection</kwd><kwd>tuberous infection</kwd><kwd>disease development</kwd><kwd>crop performance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лапшинов, Н. 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