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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestiag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия аграрных наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1817-7204</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1817-7239</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1817-7204-2019-57-2-204-215</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestiag-344</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЖЫВЁЛАГАДОЎЛЯ І ВЕТЭРЫНАРНАЯ МЕДЫЦЫНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND VETERINARY MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Мониторинг производственного использования коров в условиях дойных стад с высокопродуктивным маточным поголовьем</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Monitoring of production use of cows in dairy herd conditions with highly productive breeding livestock</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казаровец</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazarovets</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казаровец Николай Владимирович – член-корреспондент, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, профессор кафедры генетики и разведения сельскохозяйственных животных им. О. А. Ивановой.</p><p>ул. 1-я Доватора, 7/11, 210026, Витебск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazarovets Nikolay V. – Corresponding Member, D.Sc. (Agriculture), Professor. </p><p>7/11 1-ya Dovatora Str., Vitebsk 210026.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kazarovets.nikolay@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павлова Татьяна Владимировна – кандидат био логических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры генетики и разведения сельскохозяйственных животных им. О. А. Ивановой.</p><p>ул. 1-я Доватора, 7/11, 210026, Витебск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavlova Tatyana V. – Ph.D. (Biology), Associate Professor. </p><p>7/11 1-ya Dovatora Str., Vitebsk 210026.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pavlovat@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моисеев</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moiseev</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Моисеев Константин Александрович – магистр сельскохозяйственных наук, старший преподаватель кафедры генетики и разведения сельскохозяйственных животных им. О. А. Ивановой.</p><p>ул. 1-я Доватора, 7/11, 210026, Витебск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moiseev Konstantin A. – M.Sc. (Agriculture). </p><p>7/11 1-ya Dovatora Str., Vitebsk 210026.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">moiseev1986@yandex.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Витебская ордена «Знак Почета» государственная академия ветеринарной медицины.</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine.</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>05</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>57</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>204</fpage><lpage>215</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Казаровец Н.В., Павлова Т.В., Моисеев К.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Казаровец Н.В., Павлова Т.В., Моисеев К.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kazarovets N.V., Pavlova T.V., Moiseev K.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/344">https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/344</self-uri><abstract><p> За последние десятилетия во многих странах с развитым молочным скотоводством значительно увеличился удой на корову за лактацию, при этом существенно сократился срок продуктивного использования коров. Средняя продолжительность использования коров во многих странах составляет 2,5–2,8 лактации, этого недостаточно для полной реализации генетического потенциала животных, который раскрывается только на 5–6-й лактации. В Республике Беларусь отмечается рост молочной продуктивности и улучшение типа телосложения коров черно-пестрой породы, что обусловлено использованием скота голштинской породы с выдающимся потенциалом молочной продуктивности и хорошо выраженным молочным типом телосложения, однако при этом, как и в других странах, отмечается снижение продолжительности использования коров. В статье приведены результаты мониторинга производственного использования коров в условиях дойных стад с высокопродуктивным маточным поголовьем. В двух стадах оценено 5670 голштинизированных коров белорусской черно-пестрой породы. Установлены основные причины выбытия коров из стад, влияние генетических (кровности по голштинской породе, уровень продуктивности отцов и матерей) и паратипических (возраст 1-го отела, уровень раздоя первотелок, межотельный период, сервис-период, результаты первого осеменения) факторов на пожизненную молочную продуктивность и продолжительность использования коров. Установлена взаимосвязь и наследуемость показателей продуктивного долголетия коров. Разработана система организационно-селекционных мероприятий по повышению долголетия высокопродуктивного скота. Внедрение разработанной системы позволит усовершенствовать комплексные индексы племенной ценности быков и коров молочных пород и добиться повышения рентабельности производства молока за счет увеличения продолжительности использования маточного поголовья в дойных стадах.</p><p>Благодарности. Работа выполнена в рамках государственной научно-технической программы «Агропромкомплекс – устойчивое развитие» на 2011–2015 годы подзадания 3.3.1 по теме «Разработать систему племенной работы с маточным поголовьем голштинизированных дойных стад разного уровня продуктивности». </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p> Over the past decades, in many countries with developed dairy cattle breeding milk yield per cow per lactation has significantly increased, and period of cow productive use has been significantly reduced. The average duration of cow use in many countries is 2.5–2.8 lactations, and this is not enough for sustainable implementation of genetic potential of animals, which is revealed only at the 5–6th lactations. There is an increase in milk productivity and improvement of exterior type of black-and-white breed of cows in the Republic of Belarus, which is due to the use of Holstein cattle with outstanding milk productivity potential and a well-defined milk exterior type, however, as in other countries, there is a decrease in cow use period. The paper presents the results of monitoring of production use of cows in dairy herd conditions with highly productive breeding livestock. 5670 Holsteinized cows of Belarusian black-and-white breed were evaluated in two herds. The main causes of cows culling are determined, effect of genetic (blood level of Holstein breed, level of fathers and mothers performance) and paratypic (age of the 1st calving, level of heifers milking, inter-calving period, service period, results of the first insemination) factors for the life-long milk performance and cow use period. Correlation and heritability of indicators of productive longevity of cows is determined. A system of arrangement and breeding measures to improve longevity of highly productive livestock has been developed. Implementation of the developed system will allow to improve the integrated indices of breeding value of bulls and dairy cows and increase profitability of milk production by increasing the period of use of dairy herd maternal livestock. </p><p> Acknowledgments. The work was carried out as part of the state research and technical program “Agropromcomplex – sustainable development” for 2011–2015 sub-task 3.3.1 on topic “Develop system of breeding work with maternal livestock of Holsteinized dairy herds of different productivity levels”. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>молочное скотоводство</kwd><kwd>долголетие молочного скота</kwd><kwd>высокопродуктивная корова</kwd><kwd>продолжительность использования</kwd><kwd>пожизненная продуктивность</kwd><kwd>генотипические и паратипические факторы</kwd><kwd>голштинская порода</kwd><kwd>черно-пестрая порода</kwd><kwd>породность</kwd><kwd>плодовитость</kwd><kwd>генетический потенциал</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dairy cattle breeding</kwd><kwd>longevity of dairy cattle</kwd><kwd>highly productive cow</kwd><kwd>duration of use</kwd><kwd>lifelong productivity</kwd><kwd>genotypic and paratypic factors</kwd><kwd>Holstein breed</kwd><kwd>black-and-white breed</kwd><kwd>breed stock</kwd><kwd>fertility</kwd><kwd>genetic potential</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sawa, А. 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