vestiagИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия аграрных наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series1817-72041817-7239The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1817-7204-2019-57-2-192-203vestiag-343Research ArticleЖЫВЁЛАГАДОЎЛЯ І ВЕТЭРЫНАРНАЯ МЕДЫЦЫНАANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND VETERINARY MEDICINEВспомогательные репродуктивные технологии в воспроизводстве и селекции крупного рогатого скотаAssisted reproductive technologies in cattle reproduction and selectionПестисВ. К.PestisV. K.

Пестис Витольд Казимирович – член-корреспондент, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, ректор.

ул. Терешковой, 28, 230008, Гродно.

Pestis Vitold K. – Corresponding Member, D.Sc. (Agriculture), Professor. 

28 Tereshkovoi Str., Grodno 230008.

ggau@ggau.byГолубецЛ. В.GolubetsL. V.

Голубец Леонид Викторович – доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент, главный научный сотрудник, заведующий биотехнологическим центром по репродукции сельскохозяйственных животных.

ул. Терешковой, 28, 230008, Гродно.

Golubets Leonid V. – D.Sc. (Agriculture), Associate Professor.

28 Tereshkovoi Str., Grodno 230008.

ggaubio@mail.ruДешкоА. С.DeshkoA. S.

Дешко Александр Станиславович – кандидат сель скохозяйственных наук, доцент, старший научный сотрудник биотехнологического центра по репродукции сельскохозяйственных животных.

ул. Терешковой, 28, 230008, Гродно.

Deshko Alexander S. – Ph.D. (Agricultural), Associate Professor. 

28 Tereshkovoi Str., Grodno 230008.

Гродненский государственный аграрный университет.Grodno State Agrarian University.201918052019572192203Copyright © Пестис В.К., Голубец Л.В., Дешко А.С., 20192019Пестис В.К., Голубец Л.В., Дешко А.С.Pestis V.K., Golubets L.V., Deshko A.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestiagr.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/343

Сегодня технология in vitro – один из наиболее динамично развивающихся и занимающих все более прочное положение биотехнологических методов, способствующих ускорению темпов селекции, интенсификации использования репродуктивного и генетического потенциала племенных животных, позволяющего повысить выход племенного молодняка от одной коровы-рекордистки до 5–10 телят в год, сократить генерационный интервал и значительно ускорить процесс обновления и качественного улучшения стада. Однако получение компетентных к развитию в культуре in vitro ооцитов является одним из критических факторов, обуславливающих успех метода; они зависят от целого ряда причин биологического и технического характера. В настоящей работе представлены впервые проведенные в Республике Беларусь результаты исследований по изучению воздействия биологических факторов прямого и опосредованного влияния на эффективность получения ооцитов в системе трансвагинальной аспирации. Выход ооцитов отличного и хорошего качества повышался при аспирации в лютеиновую фазу полового цикла и оставался практически без изменений при проведении аспираций в фолликулярную фазу. Наличие в яичниках на момент аспирации фолликулов диаметром свыше 8 мм снижало выход ооцитов отличного и хорошего качества в среднем на 9,4 п.п. Удаление доминантного фолликула за 72 ч до начала аспирации позволило увеличить количество аспирированных фолликулов на 41 %, а выход ооцитов – на 22,9 %. Микростимуляция яичников перед аспирацией фолликулостимулирующим гормонами ФСГ-супер и Плюсет повышала эффективность аспирации по основным показателям на 19,2–45,9 %. Наличие в одном из яичников фолликулярной кисты либо персистентного желтого тела снижало как количественные, так и качественные показатели аспирации. Полученные данные имеют практическую значимость для разработки технологии получения эмбрионов in vitro в системе трансвагинальной аспирации ооцитов, использование которой будет способствовать ускорению селекционного процесса и повышению эффективности селекционно-племенной работы в скотоводстве в целом.

Благодарности. Исследования проведены в рамках двух государственных программ научных исследований: «Биотехнология», подпрограмма «Развитие биологической науки, биологического образования и биологической промышленности на 2007–2011 годы и на период до 2020 года», «Наукоемкие технологии и техника на 2016–2020 годы», подпрограмма 1 «Инновационные биотехнологии – 2020». 

In vitro technology is one of the most dynamically developing and more and more stable biotechnological methods today accelerating selection, intensifying reproductive and genetic potential of breeding animals, allowing to increase breeding young animals production by one champion cow up to 5–10 calves per year, reduce generation interval and significantly accelerate process of updating and qualitative improvement of livestock. However, obtaining oocytes competent for in vitro development is one of the critical factors determining success of the method and depending on a number of biological and technical factors. This paper presents results of studies on effect of biological factors of direct and indirect impact on efficiency of obtaining oocytes in the system of transvaginal aspiration for the first time conducted in the Republic of Belarus. Yield of excellent and good quality oocytes increased during aspiration during the luteal phase of estrous cycle and remained almost unchanged during aspiration into the follicular phase. Presence of follicles with diameter over 8 mm in the ovaries during aspiration reduced yield of excellent and good quality oocytes averagely by 9.4 percentage points. Removing the dominant follicle 72 hours prior to aspiration allowed increasing the number of aspirated follicles by 41 %, and yield of oocytes – by 22.9 %. Microstimulation of ovaries prior to aspiration by follicle-stimulating hormones FSG-super and Plusset increased efficiency of aspiration in terms of the main indicators by 19.2–45.9 %. Follicular cyst or persistent corpus luteum in one of the ovaries reduced both quantitative and qualitative indicators of aspiration. The data obtained are of practical importance for development of technology for in vitro embryo production in the system of transvaginal aspiration of oocytes which will help to accelerate breeding process and increase efficiency of breeding work in livestock production in general.

Acknowledgments. The research was conducted within the two state research programs: “Biotechnology”, subprogram “Development of biological science, biological education and biological industry for 2007–2011 and for the period up to 2020”, “High technologies and equipment for 2016-2020”, subprogram 1 “Innovative biotechnologies–2020”. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.